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Topology of Strongly Correlated Systems
The XVIII Lisbon Autumn School brought together physicists from different areas, ranging from QCD to condensed matter. This subject will be of ever-growing importance in the coming years. The topics covered are: Anomalies, Physical Charges, Chiral Symmetry, Vortices (Superconductivity, Solitons, Kosterlitz-Thouless Transitions), Non-trivial Topology on the Lattice, Confinement (Wilson Loops and Strings, Instantons, Abelian Higgs Model, Dual QCD).
Classical and Quantum Cosmology
This comprehensive textbook is devoted to classical and quantum cosmology, with particular emphasis on modern approaches to quantum gravity and string theory and on their observational imprint. It covers major challenges in theoretical physics such as the big bang and the cosmological constant problem. An extensive review of standard cosmology, the cosmic microwave background, inflation and dark energy sets the scene for the phenomenological application of all the main quantum-gravity and string-theory models of cosmology. Born of the author's teaching experience and commitment to bridging the gap between cosmologists and theoreticians working beyond the established laws of particle physics and general relativity, this is a unique text where quantum-gravity approaches and string theory are treated on an equal footing. As well as introducing cosmology to undergraduate and graduate students with its pedagogical presentation and the help of 45 solved exercises, this book, which includes an ambitious bibliography of about 3500 items, will serve as a valuable reference for lecturers and researchers.
Progress in Low Temperature Physics
As in Volume IX, the quantum fluids theme still dominates. This is reflected in articles by Fetter on vortices in superfluid 3He, which bears both similarities and striking differences to those in superfluid 4He, and by Rainer on the ab initio calculation of the transition temperatures of superconductors. In the article by Silvera and Walraven, the authors review their original experiments on spin-polarized atomic hydrogen. Finally, Dahm's article deals with charge motion in solid helium, which is not so obviously a quantum fluid, but a system in which the behaviour is a typical example of low temperature phenomena.
Quantized Vortex Dynamics and Superfluid Turbulence
This book springs from the programme Quantized Vortex Dynamics and Sup- ?uid Turbulence held at the Isaac Newton Institute for Mathematical Sciences (University of Cambridge) in August 2000. What motivated the programme was the recognition that two recent developments have moved the study of qu- tized vorticity, traditionally carried out within the low-temperature physics and condensed-matter physics communities, into a new era. The ?rst development is the increasing contact with classical ?uid dynamics and its ideas and methods. For example, some current experiments with - lium II now deal with very classical issues, such as the measurement of velocity spectra and turbulence decay rates. Th...
Exotic Properties Of Superfluid Helium 3
This book discusses the unique properties of superfluid phases of 3He, the condensed matter with the outmost broken symmetry, which combine in a surprising way the properties of ordered magnets, liquid crystals and superfluids. The complicated vacuum state of these phases with a large number of fermionic and bosonic quasiparticles and topological objects remains the vacuum in modern quantum field theories. Some of the objects and physical phenomena in 3He have strong analogy with the neutrino, W-bosons, weak interactions, gravity, chiral anomaly, Quantum Hall Effect and fractional statistics. As an example of topological objects, the quantized vortices in 3He phases are discussed in detail, including singular and continuous vortices, half-quantum vortices, broken symmetry in the vortex core and phase transitions between the vortex states with different symmetry and topology.
Beyond Peaceful Coexistence; The Emergence Of Space, Time And Quantum
'It may be that a real synthesis of quantum and relativity theories requires not just technical developments but radical conceptual renewal.'J S BellBeyond Peaceful Coexistence: The Emergence of Space, Time and Quantum brings together leading academics in mathematics and physics to address going beyond the 'peaceful coexistence' of space-time descriptions (local and continuous ones) and quantum events (discrete and non-commutative ones). Formidable challenges waiting beyond the Standard Model require a new semantic consistency within the theories in order to build new ways of understanding, working and relating to them. The original A. Shimony meaning of the peaceful coexistence (the collaps...
The Universe in a Helium Droplet
This text presents a general overview of analogies between phenomena in condensed matter physics and quantum field theory and elementary particle physics.
Quantum Analogues: From Phase Transitions to Black Holes and Cosmology
Recently, analogies between laboratory physics (e.g. quantum optics and condensed matter) and gravitational/cosmological phenomena such as black holes have attracted an increasing interest. This book contains a series of selected lectures devoted to this new and rapidly developing field. Various analogies connecting (apparently) different areas in physics are presented in order to bridge the gap between them and to provide an alternative point of view.
Theory of Heavy-Fermion Compounds
This book explains modern and interesting physics in heavy-fermion (HF) compounds to graduate students and researchers in condensed matter physics. It presents a theory of heavy-fermion (HF) compounds such as HF metals, quantum spin liquids, quasicrystals and two-dimensional Fermi systems. The basic low-temperature properties and the scaling behavior of the compounds are described within the framework of the theory of fermion condensation quantum phase transition (FCQPT). Upon reading the book, the reader finds that HF compounds with quite different microscopic nature exhibit the same non-Fermi liquid behavior, while the data collected on very different HF systems have a universal scaling be...
Selected Papers Of Lev P Gor'kov
The author of this unique volume, Lev P Gor'kov is internationally renowned for his seminal contribution in the fundamentals of the Theory of Superconductivity, Theory of Metals, the field of Quantum Statistical Physics, and more generally, Organic Metals and the like. Each reprints' group is preceded by the author's introductions and commentaries clarifying the formulation of a problem, summarizing the essence of the results and placing them in the context of recent developments. The author belongs to the last generation of scientists who were the direct disciples of the legendary Russian theorist Lev Landau. And Gor'kov's achievements reflect the unique style and the originality of this famous Scientific School. As with other Russian scientists of his generation, many of the pioneering papers by Lev Gor'kov have been published in the Russian journals that are hard-to-reach for modern readers, students and postdocs. Allowing readers a glimpse into the various ways that the field of condensed matter physics was evolving for more than half a century, the volume is a valuable source for historians of science.
