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This book describes a global assessment of stem cell engineering research, achieved through site visits by a panel of experts to leading institutes, followed by dedicated workshops. The assessment made clear that engineers and the engineering approach with its quantitative, system-based thinking can contribute much to the progress of stem cell research and development. The increased need for complex computational models and new, innovative technologies, such as high-throughput screening techniques, organ-on-a-chip models and in vitro tumor models require an increasing involvement of engineers and physical scientists. Additionally, this book will show that although the US is still in a leader...
Bioremediation using microbes is a sustainable technology for biodegradation of target compounds, and an omics approach gives more clarity on these microbial communities. This book provides insights into the complex behavior of microbial communities and identifies enzymes/metabolites and their degradation pathways. It describes the application of microbes and their derivatives for the bioremediation of potentially toxic and novel compounds. It highlights the existing technologies along with industrial practices and real-life case studies. Features: Includes recent research and development in the areas of omics and microbial bioremediation. Covers the broad environmental pollution control app...
The world is faced with an epidemic of metabolic diseases such as obesity and type 2 diabetes. This is due to changes in dietary habits and the decrease in physical activity. Exercise is usually part of the prescription, the first line of defense, to prevent or treat metabolic disorders. However, we are still learning how and why exercise provides metabolic benefits in human health. This open access volume focuses on the cellular and molecular pathways that link exercise, muscle biology, hormones and metabolism. This will include novel “myokines” that might act as new therapeutic agents in the future.
Due to its ability to degrade hydrophobic substrates highly efficiently, the non-conventional yeast Yarrowia lipolytica offers various applications in the food, feed, pharmaceutical, and fine chemistry industries, as well as in environmental protection contexts such as waste treatment and bioremediation. The yeast breaks down hydrophobic substrates such as n-alkanes, fatty acids, fats, and oils, yielding valuable biotechnological products such as organic acids, extracellular enzymes, aroma compounds, bioemulsifiers, polyols, single-cell proteins, and single-cell oils. Further, Y. lipolytica is an efficient platform for the production of various heterologous proteins; more than a hundred heterologous proteins – including those of viruses, bacteria and fungi, as well as plant, animal and human proteins – have already been produced in Y. lipolytica. Since its genome has been sequenced, it is now possible to use new recombinant technology and metabolic engineering in order to improve the metabolic pathways involved in the creation of desirable metabolites and products.
This book examines gender and the transformation of contemporary Iran. In particular it documents the changes in women’s lives, challenging the idea that the revolution put back the clock for women and showing how they have now become agents of social change rather than victims.
Polymeric Membrane Formation by Phase Inversion brings together for the first time analysis of all the four main phase inversion techniques. Effective parameters in each technique are covered together with the methodologies needed to prepare advanced membranes for specific separations in both liquid and gas phases. Roll-to-roll casting, spinning hollow fiber, and electrospinning nanofibers are presented, along with an analysis of the impact of solvent toxicity, membrane production, and the source of raw materials on the environment. Describing a road map for designing different morphological characteristics to prepare specific membranes for special applications, the merits and disadvantages ...
This book discusses the fundamental aspects of multiple-source Optical Wireless Applications, including Visible Light Communications (VLC). Moreover, the authors explore VLC performance in several conventional household layouts and investigate the impact of these layouts on VLC. Multiple sources increase multipath distortion. Multi-input- Multi-Output (MIMO) techniques will be included as they provide either reliability improvement or bandwidth efficiency increase. Based on these topics, the book further explores VLC performance in real applications, such as aircraft cabin wireless communications. In addition, the authors describe the Lambertian emitting pattern of LEDs and the diffused feat...
This detailed examination of contemporary Iran addresses the most important current social, political, and economic issues facing the nation and the way it is perceived by the outside world. The volume brings together some of the most important scholars and researchers in the field, working in such diverse disciplines as anthropology, economics, history, international relations, philosophy, political science, and sociology, to offer a broad range of perspectives on the significance of three decades of changes for Iran’s current and near-term-future domestic and international politics. Drawing upon a wealth of original field research, the authors challenge conventional wisdom and simplistic...
This edited collection aims to analytically reconceptualise the Syrian crisis by examining how and why the country has moved from a stable to a war-torn society. It is written by scholars from a variety of disciplinary backgrounds, all of whom make no attempt to speculate on the future trajectory of the conflict, but aim instead to examine the historical background that has laid the objective conditions for Syria’s descent to its current situation. Their work represents an attempt to dissect the multi-layered foundation of the Syrian conflict and to make understanding its complex inner workings accessible to a broader readership. The book is divided into four parts, each of which elaborate...