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Talking God in Society
Peter Lampe's work has covered a wide range of fields, the common denominator being his interest in contextualizing belief systems. Mirroring his multifaced work, the authors pursue his interest from different interdisciplinary angles, addressing the interdependence between religious expressions and their situations or contexts. The application of theoretical models to texts examples flanks the inspiring theoretical – epistemological and methodological – reflections. Studies in socio-economic and political history adjoin archaeological, epigraphic, papyrological and iconographic investigations. (Social-)psychological interpretations of texts complement rhetorical analyses. The hermeneutical reception of biblical materials in, for example, the Koran and Christian Chinese or Orthodox contexts, as well as in religious education and homiletics, rounds off the volumes.
Early Christianity in Alexandria
Alexandria was the epicenter of Hellenic learning in the ancient Mediterranean world, yet little is known about how Christianity arrived and developed in the city during the late first and early second century CE. In this volume, M. David Litwa employs underused data from the Nag Hammadi codices and early Christian writings to open up new vistas on the creative theologians who invented Christianities in Alexandria prior to Origen and the catechetical school of the third century. With clarity and precision, he traces the surprising theological continuities that connect Philo and later figures, including Basilides, Carpocrates, Prodicus, and Julius Cassianus, among others. Litwa demonstrates how the earliest followers of Jesus navigated Jewish theology and tradition, while simultaneously rejecting many Jewish customs and identity markers before and after the Diaspora Revolt. His book shows how Christianity in Alexandria developed distinctive traits and seeded the world with ideas that still resonate today.
The Cambridge History of Ancient Christianity
The first three hundred years of the common era witnessed critical developments that would become foundational for Christianity itself, as well as for the societies and later history that emerged thereafter. The concept of 'ancient Christianity,' however, along with the content that the category represents, has raised much debate. This is, in part, because within this category lie multiple forms of devotion to Jesus Christ, multiple phenomena, and multiple permutations in the formative period of Christian history. Within those multiples lie numerous contests, as varieties of Christian identity laid claim to authority and authenticity in different ways. The Cambridge History of Ancient Christianity addresses these contested areas with both nuance and clarity by reviewing, synthesizing, and critically engaging recent scholarly developments. The 27 thematic chapters, specially commissioned for this volume from an international team of scholars, also offer constructive ways forward for future research.
Within Judaism? Interpretive Trajectories in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam from the First to the Twenty-First Century
This book charts the shifting boundaries of Judaism from antiquity to the modern period in order to bring clarity to what scholars mean when they claim that ancient texts or groups are “within Judaism,” as well as exploring how rabbinic Jews, Christians, and Muslims have negotiated and renegotiated what Judaism is and is not in order to form their own identities. Belief in Jesus as the Messiah was seen as part of first-century Judaism, but by the fourth or fifth century, the boundaries had shifted and adherence to Jesus came to be seen as outside of Judaism. Resituating New Testament texts within first- or second-century Judaism is an historical exercise that may broaden our view of what Judaism looked like in the early centuries CE, but normatively these texts remain within Christianity because of their reception history. The historical “within Judaism” perspective, however, has the potential to challenge and reshape the theology of contemporary Christianity while at the same time the long-held consensus that belief in Jesus cannot belong within Judaism is again challenged by the modern Messianic Jewish movement.
Resurrection Remembered
This book is the first major study to investigate Jesus’ resurrection using a memory approach. It develops the logic for and the methodology of a memory approach, including that there were about two decades between the events surrounding Jesus’ resurrection and the recording of those events in First Corinthians. The memory of those events was frequently rehearsed, perhaps weekly. The transmission of the oral tradition occurred in various ways, including the overlooked fourth model—“formal uncontrolled.” Consideration is given to an examination of the philosophy and psychology of memory (including past and new research on (1) the constructive nature of memory, (2) social memory, (3)...
La perte de l'Esprit Saint et son recouvrement dans l'Église ancienne
Quand Dieu fait don de l’Esprit aux croyants, comment l’Esprit est-il conféré ? L’Esprit peut-il être perdu ? Laurence Decousu s’attache à répondre à ces questions en étudiant comment l’Église ancienne réconciliait les pénitents et ceux qui s’étaient séparés d’elle. Depuis le Moyen-Âge, la théologie catholique pense que l’Esprit est donné à travers des rites célébrés une fois pour toutes : baptême, confirmation, ordre. Or l’Église des Pères n’a pas vu ces rites comme transmettant l’Esprit et ses effets. Pour eux, recevoir l’Esprit dépendait d’une initiative divine, à la fois directe, libre et souveraine. Cette étude représente une contribu...
Der "König" und sein "Volk"
Hanna Mehring erforscht die Königsmotivik im Johannesevangelium und untersucht ihre Funktion im Gesamtkontext der johanneischen Jesus-Vita. Sie geht der Frage nach, ob und wie Jesus als idealer König literarisch inszeniert wird. An den zentralen Achsenstellen des Evangeliums wird Jesus als König bekannt: in Joh 1,35–51 durch den (späteren) Schüler Nathanael, in 6,1–21 durch das Volk nach der wunderbaren Brotvermehrung, in 12,12–19 beim Einzug Jesu nach Jerusalem und in 18,18–19,16 im Rahmen des Verhörs durch den römischen Statthalter Pilatus. Das Novum besteht darin, die differenzierte Erfassung der Christologie im Johannesevangelium mittels der motivgeschichtlichen Ausrichtun...
Gesetzeskritische Motive im Judentum und die Gesetzeskritik des Paulus
Were there any potential law critical motives in Jewish texts from which Paul could pursue linguistically and factually? Ines Pollmann examines this and makes the origin of Pauline law criticism historically plausible. In four texts such motives become manifest but they are usually rejected: the repression of the law in Ant. 4.145-149, the impossible fulfilment of the law in 4Esra 8.20-36, the spiritualisation of ritual laws in Philo migr. 89-93 and the posterior addition of the states law in Philo Jos. 28-31.Pollmann then demonstrates that these four motives are representative and embedded in mentality trends of Judaism. The trends within Judaism itself give evidence of general traditions of antiquity: the sophistic law criticism, the consciousness of the imperfection of the human nature, the allegorical interpretation of religious praxis and the high esteem of unspoilt origins. Paul was the first to combine these diverse motives and, as a consequence of his belief in Christ, turned them into law criticism. His attitude towards the law is ambivalent and combines the respect for the law with a criticism on the law's downside.
Passio Christi, Tribulatio Discipuli
Die Arbeit analysiert durch exegetische und narratologische Untersuchungen die Charakteristika des lukanischen Doppelwerks. These ist, dass die Geschichte der Jünger bereits im Passionsbericht des Evangeliums antizipierend mitgedacht ist. Die lk Passionsgeschichte stellt die Jünger als Co-Subjekt des Leidens dar. Darüber hinaus weist diese Geschichte eine multiple story line auf. D. h., die Jüngergruppe treibt als Protagonist auch einen eigenständigen Subplot voran, während Jesus als Mentor ihnen hilft. Da dieselbe Erzählstruktur, in der die Jünger leiden und Jesus ihnen hilft, auch in Acta zu beobachten ist, erweist sich die lk Passionsgeschichte als Angelpunkt in der Erzählstruktu...
Ecce Agnus Dei
The Lamb of God has been a recurring motif in art history for two millennia. Saskia Lerdon investigates the impact of this christological metaphor on European art. Finding numerous examples within art history, she illustrates that this metaphor has been consistently reinterpreted and reconfigured in the artists' historical situations. A key question is: Did new meanings develop in the course of this historical process beyond the original intentions of the authors of the New Testament? Hermeneutical theories such as those of Hans-Georg Gadamer help to analyse the material in addressing this question.
