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Historical thought, whether it is expressed in writing or through works of art, inevitably contains elements of fiction. Thus in every phase of the development of historical thinking the question arises: were these fictional elements recognized and if so, how was their function perceived? Was any effort made to distinguish between a documented fact and any assumptions or deductions related to it? In examining the past, was it deemed important to curb the free play of imagination or was it thought that any explanation, no matter how fanciful and irrational, was better than none? This is the question that this book attempts to answer. In doing so, it examines a rich variety of texts and also some works of art ranging from the Ancient Near East to the nineteenth century.
During their active lives, scientific instruments generally inhabit the laboratory, observatory, classroom or the field. But instruments have also lived in a wider set of venues, as objects on display. As such, they acquire new levels of meaning; their cultural functions expand. This book offers selected studies of instruments on display in museums, national fairs, universal exhibitions, patent offices, book frontispieces, theatrical stages, movie sets, and on-line collections. The authors argue that these displays, as they have changed with time, reflect changing social attitudes towards the objects themselves and toward science and its heritage. By bringing display to the center of analysis, the collection offers a new and ambitious framework for the study of scientific instruments and the material culture of science. Contributors are: Amy Ackerberg-Hastings, Silke Ackermann, Marco Beretta, Laurence Bobis, Alison Boyle, Fausto Casi, Ileana Chinnici, Suzanne Débarbat, Richard Dunn, Inga Elmqvist-Söderlund, Ingrid Jendrzejewski, Peggy A. Kidwell, Richard Kremer, Mara Miniati, Richard A. Paselk, Donata Randazzo, Steven Turner.
The Criminal Crowd and Other Writings on Mass Society is the first collection in English of writings by Italian jurist, sociologist, and cultural and literary critic Scipio Sighele (1868-1913). In post-unification Italy and internationally Sighele was an important figure in contemporary debates on such issues as popular unrest, the problematic borders between individual and collective accountability, the role of urbanization in the development of criminality, and the emancipation of women. This volume draws an intricate portrait of a provocative thinker and public intellectual caught between tradition and modernity in fin de si?cle Europe. It features new English translations of Sighele's se...
This book shows how Dante Alighieri has been represented in the Italian collective imagination from the late eighteenth century to the present day. Often held to be a precursor of Italian unity, the author of the Divine Comedy has been put forward both as a standard-bearer of a secular, anti-clerical Italy and the embodiment of the concept of a deeply religious and Catholic nation; while he was later adopted by nationalist and fascists as well as a pop icon in the age of the internet and globalization. The book describes this long and fascinating history from a completely original point of view: the centuries-old myth of Dante is analysed from the perspective of cultural history. The sources employed include Dante commemorations, festivals and monuments, pilgrimages to his tomb, films and other media productions about Dante, as well as comic strips, advertisements and other cultural items dedicated to him.
Robert Davidsohn (1853–1937) ist bis heute aufgrund seiner monumentalen Geschichte des mittelalterlichen Florenz in Fachkreisen ein Begriff. Kaum etwas weiß man von seinem ungewöhnlichen Werdegang. Aus einer assimilierten jüdischen Danziger Kaufmannsfamilie stammend, war er als junger Mann als Journalist und Zeitungsunternehmer in Berlin erfolgreich. Nach einem späten Geschichtsstudium wählte er die Lebensform eines Privatgelehrten in Florenz, wo er Aufnahme in die Kreise der gebildeten wohlhabenden städtischen Eliten fand und internationale Anerkennung als Historiker gewann. Die vor wenigen Jahren entdeckte Autobiographie Davidsohns, die hier als kommentierte Erstedition vorgelegt wird, ist ein einmaliges Zeugnis eines deutsch-jüdischen Grenzgängers zwischen Deutschland und Italien, zwischen Journalismus und Geschichtswissenschaft, zwischen zünftiger und freier historischer Forschung, in einem weiten Bogen von den 1850er Jahren bis in die Zeit von Faschismus und Nationalsozialismus.
O leitor deste sexto volume de Cadernos do cárcere encontrará passagens iluminadoras sobre a "grande" e a "pequena" literatura: Dante, Manzoni, De Sanctis, Pirandello e de autores de folhetins para os quais Gramsci elaborou uma leitura renovadora, aproximando-os dos forjadores dos futuros "super-homens". Esta edição brasileira dos Cadernos do cárcere foi organizada por Carlos Nelson Coutinho — reconhecido internacionalmente como um dos maiores especialistas no pensamento de Gramsci —, com a colaboração de Luiz Sérgio Henriques, ensaísta, tradutor e editor da revista eletrônica Gramsci e o Brasil, e de Marco Aurélio Nogueira, professor livre-docente da Universidade Estadual Pau...