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This volume offers a comprehensive discussion of all relevant sources concerning Jewish martyrdom in Antiquity. By viewing these narratives together, tracing their development and comparing them to other traditions, the authors seek to explore how Jewish is Jewish martyrdom? To this end, they analyse the impact of the changing social and religious-cultural circumstances and the interactions with Graeco-Roman and Christian traditions. This results in the identification of important continuities and discontinuities. Consequently, while political ideals that are prominent in 2 and 4 Maccabees are remarkably absent from rabbinic sources, the latter reveal a growing awareness of Christian motifs and discourse.
An essential resource for scholars and students Since the publication of the first edition of Early Judaism and Its Modern Interpreters in 1986, the field of early Judaism has exploded with new data, the publication of additional texts, and the adoption of new methods. This new edition of the classic resource honors the spirit of the earlier volume and focuses on the scholarly advances in the past four decades that have led to the study of early Judaism becoming an academic discipline in its own right. Essays written by leading scholars in the study of early Judaism fall into four sections: historical and social settings; methods, manuscripts, and materials; early Jewish literatures; and the afterlife of early Judaism.
This collection of essays treats many aspects of ancient Jewish history and modern historiography in this area, with an emphasis on the history and literature of the Second Temple period and especially on the writings of Josephus. It is dedicated to Daniel R. Schwarz, and reflects his central academic interests. Additional essays deal with historical and ideological aspects of classical rabbinic literature, with archeological finds and with perceptions of the Jews and Judaism on the part of non-Jews in the Second Temple period and later.
On April 6, 1948, a significant portion of the population of the village of Ecsny in Somogy County, Hungary, was expelled from their homeland. This was the result of Protocol XIII of the Potsdam Declaration of 1945 calling for the orderly and humane transfer of German populations now living in Poland, Czechoslovakia, and Hungary. The families involved were descendants of German settlers who began to arrive in what would become the village of Ecsny as early as 1754. They formed an Evangelical Lutheran congregation at the outset that would survive as an underground movement until the Edict of Toleration promulgated by the Emperor Joseph II of Austria in 1782. These two governmental actions tak...
Under the headings "Approaching Early-Archaic Greece," "Citizens and Citizen-States", and "Leaders and Reformers" the volume offers a wide range of studies that circle around the central problem of continuity and change in Archaic Greece.
In this follow-up to Toward a Theology of the Septuagint: Stellenbosch Congress on the Septuagint, 2018 (2020), contributors demonstrate what a theology of the Septuagint should look like. Essays address questions of methodology, and case studies from different books show the relevance and benefits of a theological approach. Examples are drawn from Exodus, Deuteronomy, Proverbs, Job, Tobit, 1 and 2 Maccabees, Hosea, Ezekiel, Daniel, and Ben Sira. Contributors include Nicholas Peter Legh Allen, Bryan Beeckman, Alma Brodersen, Johann Cook, Beate Ego, Karin Finsterbusch, Pierre Jordaan, Wolfgang Kraus, Jean Maurais, Cynthia L. Miller-Naudé, Mogens Müller, Jacobus A. Naudé, Peter Nagel, Larry Perkins, Martin Rösel, Barbara Schmitz, Frank Ueberschaer, Jan Willem van Henten, and Michael van der Meer.
Der Band behandelt die Zeit vom Herrschaftsantritt Alexanders des Großen (336 v. Chr.) bis zum Tod Kleopatras VII. (30 v. Chr.). Die Eroberung des Perserreiches durch Alexander markierte eine Zäsur mit weitreichenden Folgen für die Gebiete des ehemaligen Perserreiches und weitere Teile des Mittelmeerraumes. Die Herrschaftszeit Alexanders, der Charakter der nach seinem Tod neu entstandenen Königreiche, die politischen, gesellschaftlichen, wirtschaftlichen und kulturellen Entwicklungen sowie sein Nachwirken bilden wichtige Schwerpunkte. Der Band führt in die Forschungsdebatten ein und enthält eine ausführliche Bibliographie.
This volume offers an examination of varied forms of expressions of heresy in Jewish history, thought and literature. Contributions explore the formative role of the figure of the heretic and of heretic thought in the development of the Jewish traditions from antiquity to the 20th century. Chapters explore the role of heresy in the Hellenic period and Rabbinic literature; the significance of heresy to Kabbalah, and the critical and often formative importance the challenge of heresy plays for modern thinkers such as Spinoza, Freud, and Derrida, and literary figures such as Kafka, Tchernikhovsky, and I.B. Singer. Examining heresy as a boundary issue constitutive for the formation of Jewish tradition, this book contributes to a better understanding of the significance of the figure of the heretic for tradition more generally.
A new translation and commentary on I Maccabees that offers a fresh interpretation of the author's values and purpose First Maccabees, composed in the second century BCE, chronicles four decades of clashes between Hellenistic Syria and Judea, from Antiochus Epiphanes's ascent to the throne in 175 BCE to the Hasmoneans' establishment of an independent Judean state, ruled by Simon and his sons. In this volume, Daniel R. Schwartz provides a new translation of the Greek text and analyzes its historical significance. In dialogue with contemporary scholarship, the introduction surveys the work's themes, sources, and transmission, while the commentary addresses textual details and issues of historical reconstruction, often devoting special attention to the lost Hebrew original and its associations. Schwartz demonstrates that 1 Maccabees, despite its Hebraic biblical style and its survival within the Christian canon, deviates from biblical and Judaic works by marginalizing God, evincing scorn for martyrs, and ascribing to human power and valor crucial historical roles. This all fits its mandate: justification of the Hasmonean dynasty, especially the Simonides.
In diesem Werk behandelt Reinhard Gregor Kratz die Rolle der Tora im sogenannten "makkabaischen" Aufstand gegen den seleukidischen Konig Antiochos IV. im 2. Jahrhundert v. Chr. Zu diesem bedeutenden Ereignis der judaischen Geschichte hat die althistorische Forschung in jungerer Zeit wegweisende Arbeiten vorgelegt, die den in judischen Quellen erhobenen, zentralen Vorwurf des Religionsverbots und der Religionsverfolgung relativieren. Offen bleibt die Frage der Tora, die in judischen Quellen als entscheidendes Movens des Geschehens erscheint, und wie sich das Gesetz des Mose zu den "vaterlichen Gesetzen" verhalt, die in seleukidischen und judischen Quellen erwahnt werden. Diese Lucke versucht Reinhard Gregor Kratz zu fullen und wirft damit ein neues Licht auf die Hintergrunde und Motive des makkabaischen Aufstandes und zugleich auf das Thema der Begegnung zwischen Judentum und Hellenismus.