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Gender and agricultural mechanization: A mixed-methods exploration of the impacts of multi-crop reaper-harvester service provision in Bangladesh
Farmer hiring of agricultural machinery services is common in South Asia. Informal fee-for-service arrangements have positioned farmers so they can access use of machinery to conduct critical, timesensitive agricultural tasks like land preparation, seeding, irrigation, harvesting and post- harvesting operations. However, both the provision and rental of machinery services are currently dominated by men, and by most measures, it appears that women have comparatively limited roles in this market and may receive fewer benefits. Despite the prevailing perception in rural Bangladesh that women do not participate in agricultural entrepreneurship, women do not necessarily lack a desire to be involv...
Women in Agriculture Worldwide
Over the past two decades, existing documentation of women in the agricultural sector has surveyed topics such as agricultural restructuring and land reform, international trade agreements and food trade, land ownership and rural development and rural feminisms. Many studies have focused on either the high-income countries of the global North or the low-income countries of the global South. This separation suggests that the North has little to learn from the South, or that there is little shared commonality across the global dividing line. Fletcher and Kubik cross this political, economic, and ideological division by drawing together authors from 5 continents. They discuss the situation for ...
Reshaping Agriculture for Nutrition and Health
The fundamental purpose of agriculture is not just to produce food and raw materials, but also to grow healthy, well-nourished people. One of the sector’s most important tasks then is to provide food of sufficient quantity and quality to feed and nourish the world’s population sustainably so that all people can lead healthy, productive lives. Achieving this goal will require closer collaboration across the sectors of agriculture, nutrition, and health, which have long operated in separate spheres with little recognition of how their actions affect each other. It is time for agriculture, nutrition, and health to join forces in pursuit of the common goal of improving human well-being. In R...
Gender-inclusive governance of “self-help” groups in rural Kenya
There is vast literature on groups as a useful mechanism for rural development, especially for women. However, for group participation to fulfil on potential benefits to women, gender-specific constraints must be addressed. This study examines how to promote gender-inclusive governance of mixed-sex self-help groups in the African context, analysing twenty mixed-sex focus group discussions with 190 group members in rural western Kenya. Emphasizing group member perceptions and beliefs about participation and governance, we undertake an empirical assessment of institutional factors that explain and facilitate effective participation of female members. We find that group-member endowments impact the group’s interpretation in terms of their understanding of gender issues and political processes, and that the pro-gender intentions behind governance structures are more important than the structures themselves. Furthermore, groups in this context serve as a distinct parallel institution to that of the home that enable them to push the boundaries of community gender norms.
The gendered impacts of agricultural asset transfer projects
This paper looks at the gendered impacts of a development project that provided improved dairy cattle and training as part of a broader effort to develop a smallholder-friendly, market-oriented dairy value chain in Manica province, Mozambique. The project targeted households, registered cows in the name of the household head, and, initially, trained registered cow owners in various aspects of dairy production and marketing. Subsequently training was expanded to two members per household to increase the capacity within households to care for cows, a change which resulted in a significant number of women being trained. Using qualitative and quantitative data on dairy production and consumption...
Development Engineering
This book details the development and evaluation of technological interventions designed to improve human and economic development within complex, low-resource settings, showing that a solution becomes an innovation when it reaches widespread use. The book shortens the time-gap between development and up-take of the intervention, especially for student solution-developers or innovators who are new to the cultural and geopolitical settings of the problem-source country or region. Technological interventions in development are sustainable if they meet a real need, are affordable by the users, fit within the cultural context and are ergonomically appropriate. Many interventions have failed because of inattentiveness to one or more of these factors. Each of the book’s points is backed up with scholarly research work, confidently guiding solution-developers confronted with issues such as acquiring intellectual property protections, among many others.
Centering Gender in the Era of Digital and Green Transition
This edited volume examines the importance of centering gender in research and policymaking focused on climate change, environmental sustainability, and digital technology. Chapters unpack how the transition to a green and digital future affects various fields and industry sectors including STEM, agriculture, and energy, as well as why gender-transformative approaches—particularly the production and analysis of gender-inclusive disaggregated data—should be included in those transitions. The editors and authors also look at the positive impact of these considerations on economic growth and poverty eradication. Finally, this book presents an ideal/utopian view of what a gender-equal and inclusive world that has transitioned to green industries and embraced digital technologies might look like. This book will be of interest to scholars, researchers, students and policymakers across the Social Sciences including Sociology, Anthropology, Gender Studies, Science & Technology Studies, and Economics.
At Home in the City
Uncovers how people aged 60 and older struggle, survive, and thrive in twenty-first-century urban America. To understand elders' experiences of aging in place, sociologist Stacy Torres spent five years with longtime New York City residents as they coped with health setbacks, depression, gentrification, financial struggles, the accumulated losses of neighbors, friends, and family, and other everyday challenges. The sensitive portrait Torres paints in At Home in the City moves us beyond stereotypes of older people as either rich and pampered or downtrodden and frail to capture the multilayered complexity of late life. These pages chronicle how a nondescript bakery in Manhattan served as a publ...
International Development
A central premise is that an objective and universally‐accepted measure of “success” in development and paths to it does not exist.
Economics of Agricultural Development
Economics of Agricultural Development examines the causes, severity, and effects of poverty, population growth, and malnutrition in developing countries. It discusses potential solutions to these problems, progress made in many countries in recent years, and the implications of globalization for agriculture, poverty, and the environment. Topics covered in the book include: Means for utilizing agricultural surpluses to further overall economic development The sustainability of the natural resource environment Gender issues in relation to agriculture and resource use The contribution of improved technologies to agricultural development The importance of agricultural policies and institutions t...
