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The tourism industry is arguably one of the most important sources of income and foreign exchange, and is growing rapidly. However, national and international crises have huge negative economic consequences. Crisis Management in the Tourism Industry aims to illustrate the theories and actions that can be taken to better understand consumer, economic and environmental reaction, in order for the businesses involved to be more prepared for such events. Now in its second edition, this text has been fully revised and extended to include recent events such as Bali, SARS and international terrorism, expanding sections such as: * Terrorism and criminal activities * Risk perceptions and the influenci...
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This book is at once a guide for sustainable development professionals and a handbook for those interested in further studies on sustainability. It not only explains and exemplifies the issues of sustainability discussed herein, but it also offers a resource for practitioners in business, local authorities, non-governmental organisations and indeed individuals, wanting to undertake activities directed towards sustainable development. This book consists of 15 chapters supplemented with descriptions of sustainability tools and related case studies in Poland. These case studies are particularly useful for both teaching and practical application. In preparing this book, the authors have applied their extensive practical and research experience in this
Event Audiences and Expectations for the first time examines why people participate in festivals and events, the types of events which stimulate participation, and the fanatical antics of fans who become involved in these events. By doing so the book offers significant insight into how event managers can entice and manage participant expectations as well as manage audience involvement. The book is based on primary research using participant observation, as well as in-depth interviews with event participants, event managers and government officials involved in over 50 international events to gain new perspectives into audience behaviour and participatory events. Using numerous international case studies and examples, the book offers a comprehensive outline of the reasons why people participate in festivals and events, the social world that reinforces their behaviours, and strategies that can be used to ensure future successful participatory events. This thought-provoking and original volume will be valuable reading for students, researchers, events managers and tourism and community planners at all levels of government.
This study analyzes the main policy objectives and dilemmas of the air transport industry, and examines the concepts, institutions and principles governing international air transport activities, including those drawn from the areas of civil and penal air law. The role of existing legal instruments in serving various air transport policy objectives and their contribution to the present disintegration of the world air transport system is also explored. Finally, some conclusions are drawn concerning the propsects for a more harmonized world-wide or plurilateral international air transport system against the background of recent developments in GATT services trade negotiations, the forthcoming European air transport integration, and the dramatic change in East-West relations.