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A incorporação de novo comando legal ao ordenamento jurídico se dá pela aprovação de projeto de lei pelo Congresso Nacional com sua posterior promulgação pelo Presidente da República. Desse modo, as novas disposições entram em vigor e a nova lei passa a ser de observância obrigatória a todos por ela atingidos. Ocorre que esse raciocínio nem sempre transmite a realidade prática de aplicação da lei. Em termos de efetividade da norma, a sua entrada em vigor pode ser, na realidade, o primeiro passo de um intricado processo de implementação para que possa se considerar que a lei efetivamente está sendo aplicada. Isso porque, muitas vezes é necessário superar diversos desafio...
"Conserving the Oceans: The Politics of Large Marine Protected Areas documents the efforts of activists and states to increase the pace and scale of global ocean protections, leading to a new global norm in ocean conservation of large marine protected areas exceeding 200,000 km2. Through an analysis of domestic political economies, the book explains how states have protected millions of square kilometers of ocean space while remaining highly responsive to the interests of businesses. It argues that states design environmental policies above all around two key features of a given space: (1) the composition of extractive versus non-extractive industry interests; and (2) the salience of various...
Exile and migration played a critical role in the diffusion and development of modernism around the globe, yet have long remained largely understudied phenomena within art historiography. Focusing on the intersections of exile, artistic practice and urban space, this volume brings together contributions by international researchers committed to revising the historiography of modern art. It pays particular attention to metropolitan areas that were settled by migrant artists in the first half of the 20th century. These arrival cities developed into hubs of artistic activities and transcultural contact zones where ideas circulated, collaborations emerged, and concepts developed. Taking six majo...
"A expressão inglesa Legal Design, também conceituada de forma pioneira por Hagan, indica a viabilidade de implementação de técnicas de design ao direito no intuito de recolocar o indivíduo na centralidade das rotinas e dos processos levados a efeito na seara jurídica. Trata-se de estudo bem mais amplo do que o Visual Law, por exemplo, e seu vasto campo de aplicação tem despertado grande interesse em tempos nos quais tanto destaque se dá ao que se convencionou chamar de "direito 4.0". A aliança entre a técnica – propiciada pelo design – e a dogmática jurídica tem o poder de simplificar e acelerar a compreensão dos instrumentos disponíveis no ordenamento, tornar documentos...
Donald Worster's A Passion for Nature is the most complete account of the great conservationist and founder of the Sierra Club ever written. It is the first to be based on Muir's full private correspondence and to meet modern scholarly standards, yet it is also full of rich detail and personal anecdote, uncovering the complex inner life behind the legend of the solitary mountain man. It traces Muir from his boyhood in Scotland and frontier Wisconsin to his adult life in California right after the Civil War up to his death on the eve of World War I. It explores his marriage and family life, his relationship with his abusive father, his many friendships with the humble and famous (including Th...
Running waters are enormously diverse, ranging from torrential mountain brooks, to large lowland rivers, to great river systems whose basins occupy subcontinents. While this diversity makes river ecosystems seem overwhelmingly complex, a central theme of this volume is that the processes acting in running waters are general, although the settings are often unique. The past two decades have seen major advances in our knowledge of the ecology of streams and rivers. New paradigms have emerged, such as the river continuum and nutrient spiraling. Community ecologists have made impressive advances in documenting the occurrence of species interactions. The importance of physical processes in rivers...
This Special Issue presents some of the main emerging research on technological topics of health and education approaches to Internet use-related problems, before and during the beginning of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The objective is to provide an overview to facilitate a comprehensive and practical approach to these new trends to promote research, interventions, education, and prevention. It contains 40 papers, four reviews and thirty-five empirical papers and an editorial introducing everything in a rapid review format. Overall, the empirical ones are of a relational type, associating specific behavioral addictive problems with individual factors, and a few with contextual facto...
Introduction : Why Brazil? An autobiographical fragment, page 1 -- 1. Brazil and Latin America, page 19 -- 2. Britain and Brazil (1808-1914), page 57 -- 3. The Paraguayan War (1864-70), page 93 -- 4. The decline and fall of slavery in Brazil (1850-88), page 113 -- 5. The long road to democracy in Brazil, page 147 -- 6. Populism in Brazil, page 175 -- 7. The failure of the Left in Brazil, page 195.