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Neuroglia Molecular Mechanisms in Psychiatric Disorders
Neuropsychiatric disorders have long been considered as specific dysfunctions of neuronal functions. Studies of the recent decade, however, have challenged this simplistic view, highlighting the important role played by neuroglial cells in the onset and/or progression of neuropsychiatric diseases. In the central nervous system (CNS) non-excitable neuroglia are represented by cells of ectodermal origin (astrocytes, mainly responsible for CNS homeostasis and oligodendrocytes that provide myelination and support for axons) and mesodermal origin (microglial cells that are scions of foetal macrophages entering the neural tube early in development; these cells provide for CNS defence and contribut...
Neuroglia
Neuroglia, the third edition, is the long-awaited revision of the most highly regarded reference volume on glial cells. This indispensable edition has been completely revised, greatly enlarged, and enhanced with four-color figures throughout, all in response to the tremendous amount of new information that has accumulated since the previous edition seven years ago. Glial cells are, without doubt, the new stars in the neuroscience and neurology communities. Neglected in research for years, it is now evident that the brain only functions in a concerted action of all the cells, namely glia and neurons. Seventy one chapters comprehensively discuss virtually every aspect of normal glial cell anat...
Adaptation Biology and Medicine
Molecular basis of gradual adaptation of body systems in stressful conditions is a great mystery of biology. Such an adaptation not only increases tolerance of the body to that given stress but also to other challenges. An understanding of this cross protection needs to be exploited to improve patient care. The book includes 25 chapters describing molecular, subcellular and organ biology. Although for an easy reading the information has been grouped under the sub-headings: Adaptation to Cardiovascular Stresses, Adaptation to Neurohumoral Stresses, Adaptation to Other Stresses, the book represents a common continuum of adaptations. The therapeutic value of the understanding of the science of adaptation has also been described in several chapters. Examples of cross adaptations are also provided, where repeated exposure to one stimulus may have applications in the treatment and prophylaxis of different diseases.The present book will be of great interest to all biologists, physiologists, pharmacologiss and physicians interested in the application of the biology of adaptation in the improvement of health.
The Brain and Host Defense
It is now well recognized that the brain, and especially the hypothalamus, plays an important role in the regulation of immune reactions and inflammation. This book aims to review our current state of knowledge of this important field. Key historical findings are presented, and the reciprocal interactions between the brain and the immune system are examined. Particular emphasis is placed on inflammation, a critical host defense reaction that serves as an effector response for both the adaptive and innate immune systems.Mechanisms implicated in brain defense, as well as in more general host defense, are discussed. The regulatory influences of the brain on inflammatory responses are included w...
Pathological Potential of Neuroglia
Pathophysiological states, neurological and psychiatric diseases are almost universally considered from the neurocentric point of view, with neurons being the principal cellular element of pathological process. The brain homeostasis, which lies at the fulcrum of healthy brain function, the compromise of which invariably results in dysfunction/disease, however, is entirely controlled by neuroglia. It is becoming clear that neuroglial cells are involved in various aspects of initiation, progression and resolution of neuropathology. In this book we aim to integrate the body of information that has accumulated in recent years revealing the active role of glia in such pathophysiological processes. Understanding roles of glial cells in pathology will provide new targets for medical intervention and aide the development of much needed therapeutics. This book will be particularly useful for researchers, students, physicians and psychotherapists working in the field of neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry.
Minding Glial Cells in the Novel Understandings of Mental Illness
Traditionally, abnormalities of neurons and neuronal networks including synaptic abnormalities and disturbance of neurotransmitters have dominantly been believed to be the main causes of psychiatric disorders. Recent cellular neuroscience has revealed various unknown roles of glial cells such as astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and microglia. These glial cells have proved to continuously contact with neurons /synapses, and have been shown to play important roles in brain development, homeostasis and various brain functions. Beyond the classic neuronal doctrine, accumulating evidence has suggested that abnormalities and disturbances of neuron-glia crosstalk may induce psychiatric disorders, while...
Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration
State of the art reviews by experts in the fields of neuroscience, immunology, microbiology/infectious diseases and pharmacology addressing the convergence of the immune system (neuroinflammation) and the loss of neurons (neurodegeneration). Many of the diseases that are discussed in the book are of epidemic proportion, e.g., Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, stroke, viral encephalitides and substance abuse. In addition to discussions of the involvement of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in these disorders, scientific reviews are presented on the cells and mediators that participate in defense of and damage to the nervous system. With rare exception, no or inadequate treatment exists for the diseases discussed in this book. An underlying premise of the book is that understanding of their shared pathogenic mechanisms will lead to improved therapies. Given the rapid evolution of the field of Neuroimmune Pharmacology, readers will find this book to be the most timely and authoritative reference on the subject of each of its chapters.
Kinins
This handbook of kinin biology and biochemistry covers the current knowledge of kinins, a family of peptides involved in numerous physiological and pathophysiological processes. Recent publications have shown that the kinin system is highly relevant in a variety of disease states such as diabetes, multiple sclerosis and traumatic injuries. Furthermore, the first drug targeting system has just been approved for clinical use. The goal of this book is to provide advanced students and researchers a basic understanding of the kinin system and its role within the various organ systems. The authors of this book are experts in their fields, including a Nobel Laureate.
The Pulsed Electromagnetic Field Therapy (PEMF) Book: An introduction to current research & developments
PEMF is one of the most exciting technologies in the history of wellness and longevity science. In this book, veteran PEMF technologist, Siddharth Agrawal provides a compelling narrative on how PEMF can be applied and reviews the PEMF research for a variety of conditions as well as sleep, sports performance and veterinarian applications. In this second edition of The PEMF book, Sid has added new chapters and updated some of the existing ones. This book also includes chapters on his favorite new emerging complementary technologies - molecular hydrogen and photobiomodulation.
