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Switzerland suffered four major terrorist attacks in 1969 and 1970, which forced the Swiss government to address the issue of international terrorism for the first time. Subsequently, “neutral” Switzerland worked closely with Western Cold War powers to develop international counterterrorism measures and forged a European-Israeli counterterrorist alignment to counter Palestinian terrorism in Europe. Using recently declassified archival records, this book is the first study to examine how the Swiss government positioned the country within the international struggle against terrorism. The book brings to light the creation of the Club de Berne, a secret European network of intelligence agencies connected to Israel and the United States. It offers new insights about the history of Swiss, Western European, and Israeli security cooperation.
This book explores one of the most topical and controversial issues of recent years –jihadist terrorist infiltration of irregular migrant flows to Europe. Utilizing robust sampling criteria, more than a hundred such cases are identified and rigorously assessed. The analysis reveals the characteristics of offenders, their travel patterns and operational activities, and critically evaluates subsequent law enforcement and judicial responses. The author draws upon interviews with a range of European security officials, as well as non-governmental organization employees, and a recent refugee, in order to provide a series of practical recommendations.
Black money and financial crime are emerging global phenomena. During the last few decades, corrupt financial practices were increasingly being monitored in many countries around the globe. Among a large number of problems is a lack of general awareness about all these issues among various stakeholders including researchers and practitioners. The Handbook of Research on Theory and Practice of Financial Crimes is a critical scholarly research publication that provides comprehensive research on all aspects of black money and financial crime in individual, organizational, and societal experiences. The book further examines the implications of white-collar crime and practices to enhance forensic audits on financial fraud and the effects on tax enforcement. Featuring a wide range of topics such as ethical leadership, cybercrime, and blockchain, this book is ideal for policymakers, academicians, business professionals, managers, IT specialists, researchers, and students.
The History Society Journal publishes original, mind-provoking and scholarly research undertaken by students from HKU. HSJ aims to promote history among students through in-depth studies of historical topic and provide an academic platform for our students to publish and express their opinions on topic of the year and other historical topics. This year’s topic of the year of the HSJ is Struggle between the Proletariat and the Bourgeoisie: Did Cold War really end in 1991? We have always heard the words such as Proletariat and Bourgeoisie when we are reading the history of Russia, more specifically, the Soviet Union, however, what exactly do they mean? Not many people know the meaning of suc...
The untold history of Czechoslovakia's complex relations with Middle Eastern terrorists and revolutionaries during the closing decades of the Cold War In the 1970s and 1980s, Prague became a favorite destination for the world's most prominent terrorists and revolutionaries. They arrived here to seek refuge, enjoy recreation, or hold secret meetings aimed at securing training, arms, and other forms of support. While some were welcome with open arms, others were closely watched and were eventually ousted. Watching the Jackals is the untold history of Czechoslovakia's complex relations with Middle Eastern terrorists and revolutionaries during the closing decades of the Cold War. Based on recent...
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Accounts of the relationships between states and terrorist organizations in the Cold War era have long been shaped by speculation, a lack of primary sources and even conspiracy theories. In the last few years, however, things have evolved rapidly. Using a wide range of case studies including the British State and Loyalist Paramilitaries in Northern Ireland, as well as the United States and Nicaragua, this book sheds new light on the relations between state and terrorist actors, allowing for a fresh and much more insightful assessment of the contacts, dealings, agreements and collusion with terrorist organizations undertaken by state actors on both sides of the Iron Curtain. This book presents the current state of research and provides an assessment of the nature, motives, effects, and major historical shifts of the relations between individual states and terrorist organizations. The articles collected demonstrate that these state-terrorism relationships were not only much more ambiguous than much of the older literature had suggested but are, in fact, crucial for the understanding of global political history in the Cold War era.
This book sheds light on the so-called ‘Moro Doctrine’, an Italian state security policy which has been portrayed in literature as an under-the-counter agreement made between Italy and Palestinian movement during the Cold War. The Moro Doctrine, or ‘Lodo Moro’ as it is known in Italy, aimed to protect the peninsula from Palestinian attacks by allowing terrorists to use Italian territory as a base for weapons and guerrilla fighters. Responsibility for the ‘Lodo’ was instrumentally placed on Aldo Moro, the five- time Prime Minister of Italy, after his death, and since then his name has become indelibly linked with the shame of having negotiated with Palestinian terrorists. Thanks t...
Introduction -- The meanings of censorship -- The origins and evolution of media freedom in Switzerland -- Media and democracy today -- International obligations and the freedom of the media in Switzerland -- National standards -- The secretiveness of the military -- Media organisations and journalists' associations -- Education and training in journalism -- Print media -- Radio and television -- The Internet: progressing by fits and starts -- The power of advertising -- Playing with the truth -- Self-censorship and blind obedience -- The failure of media journalism -- Conclusion.
1989 kam die Fichenaffäre ans Licht und führte zu einer gründlichen Durchleuchtung der nachrichtendienstlichen Politik der Schweiz. Vieles hat sich seither verändert. Nach wie vor begegnet man aber diffusen Vorstellungen vom Wesen unseres Nachrichtendiensts: Er überwache alle Bürger, seine Tätigkeiten seien streng geheim, er stelle sich über das Gesetz. Der Politanalyst Clement Guitton wirft einen nüchternen Blick auf die letzten 30 Jahre – auf die in Vergessenheit geratene Rolle des Parlaments beim Fichenskandal, auf die Gründung von zwei zivilen Nachrichtendiensten und auf deren Zusammenlegung. Er analysiert konkrete Fälle nachrichtendienstlicher Tätigkeiten und die verschiedenen politischen Kräfte, die die Veränderungen seit 1989 geprägt haben.