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The political, economic, and social reforms resulting from Gorbachev's perestroika have become more radical and comprehensive throughout the years. Increasingly, in their implementation, a central role has been accorded to law. The construction of a viable democratic system, the establishment of an economy in which market factors are decisive, the readmittance of a pluralistic civil society, all of them presuppose, in the eyes of the present Soviet leadership, the creation of a reliable legal foundation. Legislative activity in the Soviet Union during the past few years has therefore been hectic. At the same time, while law was being used as an instrument of change, the character of Soviet law itself was deeply affected. From being the obedient servant of a totalitarian master, law is becoming the core element of a new order in which its supremacy is accepted as the starting point for redesigning all the major sectors of social life. In this volume a number of leader Western experts consider the practical effect of this emancipatory process on the most important branches of Soviet law and investigate its philosophical dimensions.
Judicial control of public power ensures a guarantee of the rule of law. This book addresses the scope and limits of judicial control at the national level, i.e. the control of public authorities, and at the supranational level, i.e. the control of States. It explores the risk of judicial review leading to judicial activism that can threaten the principle of the separation of powers or the legitimate exercise of state powers. It analyzes how national and supranational legal systems have embodied certain mechanisms, such as the principles of reasonableness, proportionality, deference and margin of appreciation, as well as the horizontal effects of human rights that help to determine how far a...
Administrative law permeates all areas of law, and this series focuses on its role both regionally and globally. This volume considers tort liabilities in European public authorities. It looks at several European countries, using case studies to compare administrative laws across the EU.
This book seeks to find an answer to the question of how to rule a state well by drawing on a range of organizational, procedural, and substantive standards of administrative conduct developed within the framework of the Council of Europe (CoE) as an organization of a broader scope than the European Union.
International Arbitration Law Library The fragility of the relationship between international law and European Union (EU) law comes to the fore when a dispute arises between an EU Member State and a multinational corporate investor. This book analyzes the legislative and jurisprudential backbone affecting both policy and practice in this area, showing in the process how both the autonomy of the EU legal order and the sovereignty of Member States can be strengthened through a common investor protection policy inside the EU with an efficient adjudication mechanism promised by the EU’s “new generation” agreements. With a thorough analysis of the parameters that the Court of Justice of the...
This volume offers readers a stimulating perspective on both struggles and cooperation on the Cold-War’s legal front and regard for its political context. It covers the era of Stalinism up to the post-Communist period of the 1990s and 2000s.
This book represents an effort to assess the unprecedented political, economic, and social reforms that have swept through Central and Eastern Europe in the five years since the collapse of Communism. The dismantling of the Warsaw Pact, the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance, the Communist Party apparatus, and the various manifestations of the `nomenklatura' political control system have meant different things in different countries, but throughout the region we have witnessed a struggle to replace an authoritarian, one-party political system and a command economy with something resembling Western-style constitutional democracy and market economics. Accompanying this struggle have been a...
This book presents Model Rules drafted by the Research Network on EU Administrative Law (ReNEUAL), together with an extended introduction. The Model Rules propose a clear and accessible legal framework through which the constitutional values of the EU can be embedded in the exercise of public authority.
This title explores the procedural and substantive principles of administration law. It uses case studies and comparative studies of procedural fairness and propriety in courts to find the similarities and differences among various legal systems. Along with several European countries, it also covers Latin America and China.
This comprehensive volume of the Elgar Encyclopedia of Environmental Law provides an overview of the major elements of energy law from a global perspective. Based on an in-depth analysis of the energy chain, it offers insight into the impacts of climate change and environmental issues on energy law and the energy sector. This timely reference work highlights the need for modern energy law to consider environmental impacts and promote the use of clean energy sources, whilst also safeguarding a reliable and affordable energy supply.