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The Flaming Womb
The Princess of the Flaming Womb, the Javanese legend that introduces this pioneering study, symbolizes the many ambiguities attached to femaleness in Southeast Asian societies. Yet, despite these ambiguities, the relatively egalitarian nature of male-female relations in Southeast Asia is central to arguments claiming a coherent identity for the region. This challenging work by senior scholar Barbara Watson Andaya considers such contradictions while offering a thought-provoking view of Southeast Asian history that focuses on women's roles and perceptions. Andaya explores the broad themes of the early modern era (1500-1800) - the introduction of new religions, major economic shifts, changing patterns of state control, the impact of elite lifestyles and behaviors - drawing on an extraordinary range of sources and citing numerous examples from Thai, Vietnamese, Burmese, Philippine, and Malay societies.
The Ethnography of Vietnam's Central Highlanders
This book looks at the multiple relations between the ethnographic representations of the Montagnard ethnic groups in the Central Highlands of Vietnam and the changing historical context in and for which the ethnographies were produced and in which they were consumed. There are two major arguments developed by the author. It is maintained that economic, political, and military interests within a specific historical context condition ethnographic practice. This is not however a one-way process: the author also argues that the ensuing ethnographic discourses in turn influence the historical context by suggesting and facilitating ethnic policies and by contributing to the formation or change of ethnic identities through processes of classification. Oscar Salemink describes ethnographic discourses concerning the indigenous population of Vietnam’s Central Highlands during periods of Christianization, colonization, war, and socialist transformation, and analyzes these in their relation to tribal, ethnic, territorial, governmental, and gendered discourses.
A Tale of Pudicho's People
Early in the twentieth century a group of Cashinahua migrated from Brazil to Peru to escape the turmoil of the rubber boom era. Dr. Richard Montag provides first-hand accounts of the experiences of members of this group. Pudicho, a retired headman and the primary source for the accounts, reports his boyhood experiences, the migration, and more recent happenings. Montag worked with him for about eight years, recording, transcribing, and analyzing the accounts. He also worked with Pudicho's son and two nephews and so was able to bring the accounts up to 1994. Richard Montag and his wife Susan began living among the Cashinahua in 1969, at which time the group was monolingual. The accounts of this work are one aspect of the Montags' study of the language and culture and were the basis of his Ph.D. dissertation. The Cashinahua live on various rivers and streams at the headwaters of the Juruá and Purús rivers in Brazil and Peru. Montag's study makes it possible for readers to visualize events and cultural practices that very few outsiders have ever had the privilege of observing.
Perspectives on the Bird's Head of Irian Jaya, Indonesia
The Bird's Head Peninsula of Irian Jaya has long been an area neglected by New Guinea Studies. Only in the late seventies, interest began to focus more intensively on this scientifically important border area between Austronesian and Papuan languages and cultures. In the early nineties, this led to the creation in The Netherlands of the Irian Jaya Studies programme ISIR, which organizes and coordinates multi-disciplinary research on the Bird's Head Peninsula. Within this framework, study of the peninsula has reached a peak, with research being conducted in the area by scientists from different disciplines: anthropology, archaeology, (ethno)botany, demography, development administration, geol...
The Evolution of Social Institutions
This book presents a novel and innovative approach to the study of social evolution using case studies from the Old and the New World, from prehistory to the present. This approach is based on examining social evolution through the evolution of social institutions. Evolution is defined as the process of structural change. Within this framework the society, or culture, is seen as a system composed of a vast number of social institutions that are constantly interacting and changing. As a result, the structure of society as a whole is also evolving and changing. The authors posit that the combination of evolving social institutions explains the non-linear character of social evolution and that ...
African Friends and Money Matters
Discussion of the different goals of African and Western economic systems and ninety observations of African behaviors related to money matters and the frictions which can result when Westerners misunderstand.
Violence and Warfare among Hunter-Gatherers
How did warfare originate? Was it human genetics? Social competition? The rise of complexity? Intensive study of the long-term hunter-gatherer past brings us closer to an answer. The original chapters in this volume examine cultural areas on five continents where there is archaeological, ethnographic, and historical evidence for hunter-gatherer conflict despite high degrees of mobility, small populations, and relatively egalitarian social structures. Their controversial conclusions will elicit interest among anthropologists, archaeologists, and those in conflict studies.
Kinship and Social Organization in Irian Jaya
Discusses how people in Irian Jaya cope with the forces that present both tension and stability as an essential part of their social fabric.
