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Agriculture is strongly affected by changes in soil hydrology as well as changes in land use and management practices and the complex interactions between them. This book aims to develop an understanding of these interactions on a watershed scale, using soil hydrology models and addresses the consequences of land use and management changes on agriculture from a research perspective. It includes case studies that illustrate the impact of land use and management on various soil hydrological parameters under different climates and ecosystems. It is suitable for researchers and students in soil sc
Exchange between the translation studies and the computational linguistics communities has traditionally not been very intense. Among other things, this is reflected by the different views on parallel corpora. While computational linguistics does not always strictly pay attention to the translation direction (e.g. when translation rules are extracted from (sub)corpora which actually only consist of translations), translation studies are amongst other things concerned with exactly comparing source and target texts (e.g. to draw conclusions on interference and standardization effects). However, there has recently been more exchange between the two fields – especially when it comes to the annotation of parallel corpora. This special issue brings together the different research perspectives. Its contributions show – from both perspectives – how the communities have come to interact in recent years.
The digital age has had a profound effect on our cultural heritage and the academic research that studies it. Staggering amounts of objects, many of them of a textual nature, are being digitised to make them more readily accessible to both experts and laypersons. Besides a vast potential for more effective and efficient preservation, management, and presentation, digitisation offers opportunities to work with cultural heritage data in ways that were never feasible or even imagined. To explore and exploit these possibilities, an interdisciplinary approach is needed, bringing together experts from cultural heritage, the social sciences and humanities on the one hand, and information technology...
Computational linguistics, speech processing, natural language processing and language technologies in general have all become increasingly important in an era of all-pervading technological development. This book, Human Language Technologies – The Baltic Perspective, presents the proceedings of the 8th International Baltic Human Language Technologies Conference (Baltic HLT 2018), held in Tartu, Estonia, on 27-29 September 2018. The main aim of Baltic HLT is to provide a forum for sharing new ideas and recent advances in computational linguistics and related disciplines, and to promote cooperation between the research communities of the Baltic States and beyond. The 24 articles in this volume cover a wide range of subjects, including machine translation, automatic morphology, text classification, various language resources, and NLP pipelines, as well as speech technology; the latter being the most popular topic with 8 papers. Delivering an overview of the state-of-the-art language technologies from a Baltic perspective, the book will be of interest to all those whose work involves language processing in whatever form.
This book develops a formal theory of dependency structures and shows how combining them with a regular means of composition yields copious hierarchies of ever more powerful dependency languages. It also classifies several relevant grammatical formalisms.
This book constitutes the proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Advances in Natural Language Processing held in Reykjavik, Iceland, in August 2010.
This volume presents current research and practices in the field of Easy Language and accessible communication. The publication of this volume was inspired by two international events, namely the International Easy Language Day Conference (IELD), and the panel The Social Role of Language: Translation into Easy and Plain Languages at the IATIS conference. By bringing together findings from different corpus-driven, cognitive and automation approaches in accessible communication research and providing insights into current projects of the emerging field of accessible health communication, the volume captures the dynamic and rapidly evolving nature of the field.
Principles of Soil and Plant Water Relations, Third Edition describes the fundamental principles of soil and water relationships in relation to water storage in soil and water uptake by plants. The book explains why it is important to know about soil-plant-water relations, with subsequent chapters providing the definition of all physical units and the SI system and dealing with the structure of water and its special properties. Final sections explain the structure of plants and the mechanisms behind their interrelationships, especially the mechanism of water uptake and water flow within plants and how to assess parameters. All chapters begin with a brief paragraph about why the topic is important and include all formulas necessary to calculate respective parameters. This third edition includes a new chapter on water relations of plants and soils in space as well as textbook problems and answers. - Covers plant anatomy, an essential component to understanding soil and plant water relations - includes problems and answers to help students apply key concepts - Provides the biography of the scientist whose principles are discussed in the chapter
This book is a compilation of recent developments in land, ecosystem, and water management in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro. The state is located in the biodiversity hotspot of the Atlantic Forest (Mata Atlântica), a biome characterized by high biological diversity and endemism. At the same time the state of Rio de Janeiro emerged to one of the economic hubs in Latin America. This development process has been accompanied by population growth, industrialization, urbanization, as well as consumption and degradation of land and water resources. In the past years many efforts have been made to stop or at least slow down these degradation processes and restore degraded environments with ...
Human language technology is the study of the methods by which computer programs or electronic devices can analyze, produce, modify or respond to human texts and speech. It consists of natural language processing and computational linguistics on the one hand, and speech technology on the other. This book presents the proceedings of the 9th International Conference, Human Language Technologies – The Baltic Perspective (Baltic HLT 2020), organised in Kaunas, Lithuania on 22 and 23 September 2020. This biennial conference offers researchers a platform to share knowledge on recent advances in human language processing for the Baltic languages, as well as promoting interdisciplinary and interna...