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Why were some 80,000 British children (typically between the ages of 10 and 14) sent to Canada between 1867 and 1915? What happened to them? And what determined who and how many went? Answers are to be found in the many opposing interests that were involved. These included those of the respective governments; voluntary organisations and entrepreneurial individuals; Canadian farmers who sought cheap labour; the churches; the trade unions, and many others. The consequences, of course, were borne by the children. Many suffered from profound loneliness; frequent moves, and a justifiable sense that they had been abandoned. Some were abused and the girls especially were vulnerable to sexual exploitation. All were first and foremost cheap or free labour.What judgement should be passed upon this remarkable chapter in the treatment of poor children, and what lessons does it offer to those who grapple with today's problems of child welfare? How might their actions be judged a 100 years from now?
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