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Statistical analysis of multi-cell recordings: linking population coding models to experimental data
Modern recording techniques such as multi-electrode arrays and 2-photon imaging are capable of simultaneously monitoring the activity of large neuronal ensembles at single cell resolution. This makes it possible to study the dynamics of neural populations of considerable size, and to gain insights into their computations and functional organization. The key challenge with multi-electrode recordings is their high-dimensional nature. Understanding this kind of data requires powerful statistical techniques for capturing the structure of the neural population responses and their relation with external stimuli or behavioral observations. Contributions to this Research Topic should advance statist...
From Deep Learning to Rational Machines
"This book provides a framework for thinking about foundational philosophical questions surrounding machine learning as an approach to artificial intelligence. Specifically, it links recent breakthroughs in deep learning to classical empiricist philosophy of mind. In recent assessments of deep learning's current capabilities and future potential, prominent scientists have cited historical figures from the perennial philosophical debate between nativism and empiricism, which primarily concerns the origins of abstract knowledge. These empiricists were generally faculty psychologists; that is, they argued that the active engagement of general psychological faculties-such as perception, memory, ...
The NeurIPS '18 Competition
This volume presents the results of the Neural Information Processing Systems Competition track at the 2018 NeurIPS conference. The competition follows the same format as the 2017 competition track for NIPS. Out of 21 submitted proposals, eight competition proposals were selected, spanning the area of Robotics, Health, Computer Vision, Natural Language Processing, Systems and Physics. Competitions have become an integral part of advancing state-of-the-art in artificial intelligence (AI). They exhibit one important difference to benchmarks: Competitions test a system end-to-end rather than evaluating only a single component; they assess the practicability of an algorithmic solution in addition to assessing feasibility. The eight run competitions aim at advancing the state of the art in deep reinforcement learning, adversarial learning, and auto machine learning, among others, including new applications for intelligent agents in gaming and conversational settings, energy physics, and prosthetics.
Occupational Health and Rehabilitation
Sustaining a healthy and productive work environment for employees with health issues and work disabilities or those returning to work after sick leave may present a challenge to employers. This publication offers unique insights into occupational health and rehabilitation, covering international perspectives as well as a variety of health-related disciplines. Policymakers, employers, employees, researchers and students will find new approaches to questions of how to maintain work ability and health in the workplace: Which motives influence strategic planning in the healthcare and employment sector? How can the return of employees after sick leave be facilitated? How best to implement innovations while keeping the workplace safe and healthy? And how does occupational rehabilitation benefit from evidence-based knowledge transfer? Contents• Work Ability and Work Disability• Return to Work• Work and Health• Work and Innovation
Biologically Inspired Computer Vision
As the state-of-the-art imaging technologies became more and more advanced, yielding scientific data at unprecedented detail and volume, the need to process and interpret all the data has made image processing and computer vision increasingly important. Sources of data that have to be routinely dealt with today's applications include video transmission, wireless communication, automatic fingerprint processing, massive databanks, non-weary and accurate automatic airport screening, robust night vision, just to name a few. Multidisciplinary inputs from other disciplines such as physics, computational neuroscience, cognitive science, mathematics, and biology will have a fundamental impact in the...
Beyond Digital
Recasting computational design: a new modern agenda for a post-industrial, post-pandemic world. Mass production was the core technical logic of industrial modernity: for the last hundred years, architects and designers have tried to industrialize construction and standardize building materials and processes in the pursuit of economies of scale. But this epochal march of modernity is now over. In Beyond Digital, Mario Carpo reviews the long history of the computational mode of production, showing how the merger of robotic automation and artificial intelligence will stop and reverse the modernist quest for scale. Today’s technologies already allow us to use nonstandard building materials as ...
Computer Vision – ECCV 2018
The sixteen-volume set comprising the LNCS volumes 11205-11220 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 15th European Conference on Computer Vision, ECCV 2018, held in Munich, Germany, in September 2018.The 776 revised papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 2439 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on learning for vision; computational photography; human analysis; human sensing; stereo and reconstruction; optimization; matching and recognition; video attention; and poster sessions.
Deep Learning Techniques for Music Generation
This book is a survey and analysis of how deep learning can be used to generate musical content. The authors offer a comprehensive presentation of the foundations of deep learning techniques for music generation. They also develop a conceptual framework used to classify and analyze various types of architecture, encoding models, generation strategies, and ways to control the generation. The five dimensions of this framework are: objective (the kind of musical content to be generated, e.g., melody, accompaniment); representation (the musical elements to be considered and how to encode them, e.g., chord, silence, piano roll, one-hot encoding); architecture (the structure organizing neurons, th...
Cybersecurity in Intelligent Networking Systems
CYBERSECURITY IN INTELLIGENT NETWORKING SYSTEMS Help protect your network system with this important reference work on cybersecurity Cybersecurity and privacy are critical to modern network systems. As various malicious threats have been launched that target critical online services—such as e-commerce, e-health, social networks, and other major cyber applications—it has become more critical to protect important information from being accessed. Data-driven network intelligence is a crucial development in protecting the security of modern network systems and ensuring information privacy. Cybersecurity in Intelligent Networking Systems provides a background introduction to data-driven cyber...
Artificial Intelligence and the Arts
Emotions, creativity, aesthetics, artistic behavior, divergent thoughts, and curiosity are both fundamental to the human experience and instrumental in the development of human-centered artificial intelligence systems that can relate, communicate, and understand human motivations, desires, and needs. In this book the editors put forward two core propositions: creative artistic behavior is one of the key challenges of artificial intelligence research, and computer-assisted creativity and human-centered artificial intelligence systems are the driving forces for research in this area. The invited chapters examine computational creativity and more specifically systems that exhibit artistic behavior or can improve humans' creative and artistic abilities. The authors synthesize and reflect on current trends, identify core challenges and opportunities, and present novel contributions and applications in domains such as the visual arts, music, 3D environments, and games. The book will be valuable for researchers, creatives, and others engaged with the relationship between artificial intelligence and the arts.
