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Zeromski's last novel tells the story of Cezary Baryka, a young Pole who finds himself in Baku, Azerbaijan, a predominantly Armenia city, as the Russian Revolution breaks out. He becomes embroiled in the chaos caused by the revolution, and barely escapes with his life. Then, he and his father set off on a horrendous journey west to reach Poland. His father dies en route, but Cezary makes it to the newly independent Poland. Here he struggles to find his place in the turmoil of the new country. Cezary sees the suffering of the poor and the working classes, yet his experiences in the newly formed Soviet Union make him deeply suspicious of socialist and communist solutions. Cezary is an outsider among both the gentry and the working classes, and he cannot find where he belongs. Furthermore, he has unsuccessful and tragic love relations. The novel ends when, despite his profound misgivings, he takes up political action on behalf of the poor.
As Andrzej Mencwel observed, “as a result of fundamental historical changes” the need arises for “restructuring of the whole present memory and tradition system” (Rodzinna Europa po raz pierwszy). Changes of such significance took place in Poland during the Second World War and several following decades. Collective experience of that time was made up of – apart from political antagonisms – social and cultural phenomena such as change of elites, reinterpretation of their grand narratives (or symbolic world), the ultimate inclusion of the masses into the national project based on the post-gentry tradition and national history, the intensive development of urban lifestyle and the ex...
This book reveals how to create efficient institutions and coordinate policy on a transnational scale to ensure that European Union integration can best meet social needs. It offers a combined technocratic and humanist perspective on the discussion of public financial management. The state, as part of its public policy, should seek to preserve our social and environmental values, yet there are mounting imbalances in society which point to the growing role of the state in minimising them. Under such circumstances, it is worth reflecting on how new challenges could require updated, more complex formulas, to deal with crises in current times and for social and economic policy making by states a...
W publikacji przedstawiono zagadnienia prezentowane i dyskutowane w trakcie VII Seminarium Naukowego Katedry Prawa Samorządu Terytorialnego Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego zatytułowanego "Pozycja ustrojowa organów wykonawczych jednostek samorządu terytorialnego", które odbyło się dnia 14 listopada 2013 r. w Krakowie. Jego celem była identyfikacja problemów związanych z pozycją i funkcjonowaniem organów wykonawczych jednostek samorządu terytorialnego, a także podjęcie próby wskazania sposobów ich rozwiązania.
What is East Central Europe? Can it be defined with any precision? The question of definition is a difficult one as is ussually the case concerning borderlands whose historical developments show little continuity and an uncertain identity born of the conflict between aspirations and reality. It is in East Central Europe that „no peace settlement is ever final, no frontiers are secure and each generation must begin its work anew”. Is there any chance that this definition will become out of date?
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Accompanying CD-ROM contains ... "the full paper [version] for all 30 chapters as .pdf files."--Page 4 of cover.
The use of referendums around the world has grown remarkably in the past thirty years and, in particular, referendums are today deployed more than ever in the settlement of constitutional questions, even in countries with little or no tradition of direct democracy. This is the first book by a constitutional theorist to address the implications of this development for constitutional democracy in a globalizing age, when many of the older certainties surrounding sovereignty and constitutional authority are coming under scrutiny. The book identifies four substantive constitutional processes where the referendum is regularly used today: the founding of new states; the creation or amendment of con...
Story of the religious, social and political conflict under Constantine after the fall of the Roman empire.