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Advancing Women's Health Through Medical Education
"While this book's focus is on integrating training after contraception and abortion become legal, many, if not all of the systems and approaches described in this book are equally applicable in countries where abortion is illegal or access to abortion and contraception is limited. Our educational concepts and approaches may seem too complex, expensive or impractical for resource-poor countries where family planning services, no matter how poorly delivered, are judged adequate or are so controversial that ignoring them is the safest course. In fact, this attitude perpetuates the status quo, prevents progress or leads to a deterioration of health care. In the context of family planning, this ...
Women in Medical Education
Women in Medical Education combines personal narratives written by sixteen women medical educators who, as clinicians, basic scientists, administrators, and medical humanities faculty, write of their experiences with students, patients, colleagues, and administrators. Their narratives reflect the issues confronting women in the medical academy today, including working in situations where power relations are embedded and enacted daily in the ethos of the institution; where rigid disciplinary boundaries do not include or invite inquiry into gender, race, ethnicity, or class; where integrating one's personal and work life often seems overwhelming. Yet their stories reflect the success and recognition that women in academic medicine have achieved. The book includes essays written by Beth Alexander, Janet Bickel, Dale G. Blackstock, Kate H. Brown, Lucy M. Candib, Pamela Charney, Frances Conley, Leah J. Dickstein, Jacalyn Duffin, Deborah Jones, Perri Klass, Mary Mahowald, Marian Gray Secundy, Marjorie S. Sirridge, Rebekah Wang-Cheng, and the editor.
Improving the Health of Women in the United States
The environment for women's health has changed over the last 25 years. Increased use of automobiles can lead to health risks from lack of physical activity. There has also been an increase in access to and consumption of unhealthy food. Other changes in the past 2 to 3 decades include the significant increase in the number of women who are heads of households and responsible for all aspects of a household and family. Many women now are also having children later in life, which poses interesting issues for both biology and sociology. The growing stress faced by women and the effect of stress on health and illness are issues that need a more comprehensive examination, as do issues of mental health and mental illness, which have been more common and thus increasingly prominent issues for U.S. women. In September 2015, the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine convened a workshop to shed light on important determinants, consequences, effects, and issues attending the relative disadvantage of women in the United States in comparison with women in other economically advanced nations. This report summarizes the presentations and discussions from the workshop.
Women's Health Research
Even though slightly over half of the U.S. population is female, medical research historically has neglected the health needs of women. However, over the past two decades, there have been major changes in government support of women's health research-in policies, regulations, and the organization of research efforts. To assess the impact of these changes, Congress directed the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) to ask the IOM to examine what has been learned from that research and how well it has been put into practice as well as communicated to both providers and women. Women's Health Research finds that women's health research has contributed to significant progress over the pas...
Women's Health-- Missing from U.S. Medicine
The male-centered focus of clinical research has led to the understudy and underfunding of women's diseases; the exclusion of women from experimental drug trials; and the failure to understand the health of the elderly, who are mostly female. Women's Health critiques male-focused medical research and health care practice and explores solutions available through medical education to make women's health and well-being share the focus of the medical mission. Sue Rosser begins her critique by examining ethical problems raised by an androcentric focus in clinical research. Then she examines the problems such a focus raises in internal medicine, psychiatry, and obstetrics and gynecology. Chapters ...
Empowering Women and Strengthening Health Systems and Services Through Investing in Nursing and Midwifery Enterprise
In September 2014, the Global Forum on Innovation in Health Professional Education and the Forum on Public-Private Partnerships for Global Health and Safety of the Institute of Medicine convened a workshop on empowering women and strengthening health systems and services through investing in nursing and midwifery enterprise. Experts in women's empowerment, development, health systems' capacity building, social enterprise and finance, and nursing and midwifery explored the intersections between and among these domains. Innovative and promising models for more sustainable health care delivery that embed women's empowerment in their missions were examined. Participants also discussed uptake and...
Becoming a Physician
Focusing on the social, intellectual, and political context in which medical education took place, Thomas Neville Bonner offers a detailed analysis of transformations in medical instruction in the United Kingdom, France, Germany, and the United States between the Enlightenment and World War II. From a unique comparative perspective, this study considers how divergent approaches to medical instruction in these countries mirrored as well as impacted their particular cultural contexts. The book opens with an examination of key developments in medical education during the late eighteenth century and continues by tracing the evolution of clinical teaching practices in the early 1800s. It then charts the rise of laboratory-based teaching in the nineteenth century and the progression toward the establishment of university standards for medical education during the early twentieth century. Throughout, the author identifies changes in medical student populations and student life, including the opportunities available for women and minorities.
Graduate Medical Education that Meets the Nation's Health Needs
Intro -- FrontMatter -- Reviewers -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Contents -- Boxes, Figures, and Tables -- Summary -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Background on the Pipeline to the Physician Workforce -- 3 GME Financing -- 4 Governance -- 5 Recommendations for the Reform of GME Financing and Governance -- Appendix A: Abbreviations and Acronyms -- Appendix B: U.S. Senate Letters -- Appendix C: Public Workshop Agendas -- Appendix D: Committee Member Biographies -- Appendix E: Data and Methods to Analyze Medicare GME Payments -- Appendix F: Illustrations of the Phase-In of the Committee's Recommendations.
