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Induced plant responses to microbes and insects
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 358

Induced plant responses to microbes and insects

Plants are members of complex communities and interact both with antagonists and beneficial organisms. An important question in plant defense-signaling research is how plants integrate signals induced by pathogens, insect herbivores and beneficial microbes into the most appropriate adaptive response. Molecular and genomic tools are now being used to uncover the complexity of the induced defense signaling networks that have evolved during the arms races between plants and the other organisms with which they intimately interact. To understand the functioning of the complex defense signaling network in nature, molecular biologists and ecologists have joined forces to place molecular mechanisms of induced plant defenses in an ecological perspective. In this Research Topic, we aim to provide an on-line, open-access snapshot of the current state of the art of the field of induced plant responses to microbes and insects, with a special focus on the translation of molecular mechanisms to ecology and vice versa.

The Days of Our Years
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 98

The Days of Our Years

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2013-06-20
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  • Publisher: A&C Black

"The present study is a significant revision and updating of my 1998 dissertation at Drew University"--Acknowlegements.

City-Wide Sanitation: The Urban Sustainability Challenge
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 178

City-Wide Sanitation: The Urban Sustainability Challenge

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Sustainable Urbanization
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 346

Sustainable Urbanization

The rapid urbanization that began with industrialization has begun to cause many problems. New approaches are emerging today to minimize these problems and make urban areas more livable. These problems include insufficient social facilities in urban areas for increasing populations due to migration and unbalanced use of green areas, water, and energy resources due to urbanization. Careless consumption and the pollution of natural resources will cause people many more problems in the future than they do today in urban development. Many professional disciplines have noticed this unbalanced development in urban areas. Urban areas have larger populations than rural areas today. Urban areas are developed neglectfully. Sustainability is needed as a criterion for urban areas to develop in a more livable and healthy fashion. Sustainable urban development approaches are seen in many fields, ranging from land use to the use of natural resources in urban areas.

Faecal Sludge Management
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 428

Faecal Sludge Management

It is estimated that literally billions of residents in urban and peri-urban areas of Africa, Asia, and Latin America are served by onsite sanitation systems (e.g. various types of latrines and septic tanks). Until recently, the management of faecal sludge from these onsite systems has been grossly neglected, partially as a result of them being considered temporary solutions until sewer-based systems could be implemented. However, the perception of onsite or decentralized sanitation technologies for urban areas is gradually changing, and is increasingly being considered as long-term, sustainable options in urban areas, especially in low- and middle-income countries that lack sewer infrastruc...

Swiss International Arbitration Law Reports, 2007-2009 Vols. 1-3
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 1604

Swiss International Arbitration Law Reports, 2007-2009 Vols. 1-3

  • Categories: Law

he Swiss International Arbitration Law Reports provides for the first time a full English translation of the decisions made by the Swiss Federal Supreme Court on a biannual basis, irrespective of whether the original decision was published in the German, French or Italian language, or whether the decision has been officially published or is simply available on the Court's website. The English translation is presented in parallel to the original text of each decision, and it is preceded by a head note and a summary of the decision for the reader in a hurry. All decisions directly relating to international arbitration will be translated, including those that deal with setting aside proceedings...

Plant-Arthropod Interactions: Effectors and Elicitors of Arthropods and Their Associated Microbes
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 120

Plant-Arthropod Interactions: Effectors and Elicitors of Arthropods and Their Associated Microbes

This eBook is a collection of articles from a Frontiers Research Topic. Frontiers Research Topics are very popular trademarks of the Frontiers Journals Series: they are collections of at least ten articles, all centered on a particular subject. With their unique mix of varied contributions from Original Research to Review Articles, Frontiers Research Topics unify the most influential researchers, the latest key findings and historical advances in a hot research area! Find out more on how to host your own Frontiers Research Topic or contribute to one as an author by contacting the Frontiers Editorial Office: frontiersin.org/about/contact.

Corruption in International Trade and Commercial Arbitration
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 518

Corruption in International Trade and Commercial Arbitration

  • Categories: Law

Descreve como a corrupção é julgada na arbitragem comercial internacional. Procura explicar porque não há uma uniformidade na política arbitral em relação à corrupção. Analisa casos relativos à corrupção e arbitragem. Examina a legislação sobre corrupção, assim como convenções internacionais relevantes.

Leaf Defence
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 233

Leaf Defence

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2014
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  • Publisher: Unknown

Leaves are among the most abundant organs on earth and are a defining feature of most terrestrial ecosystems. However, a leaf is also a potential meal for a hungry animal and the question therefore arises, why does so much foliage survive in nature? What mechanisms protect leaves so that, on a global scale, only a relatively small proportion of living leaf material is consumed? Leaf survival is in large part due to two processes: firstly, leaf-eating organisms fall prey to predators (top-down pressure on the herbivore); secondly, leaves defend themselves (bottom-up pressure on the herbivore). Remarkably, these two types of event are often linked; they are controlled and coordinated by plants...

A History of the Mishnaic Law of Purities, Part 14
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 254

A History of the Mishnaic Law of Purities, Part 14

The history of Jews from the period of the Second Temple to the rise of Islam. From 'A History of the Mishnaic Law of Appointed Times, Part 1' This volume introduces the sources of Judaism in late antiquity to scholars in adjacent fields, such as the study of the Old and New Testaments, Ancient History, the ancient Near East, and the history of religion. In two volumes, leading American, Israeli, and European specialists in the history, literature, theology, and archaeology of Judaism offer factual answers to the two questions that the study of any religion in ancient times must raise. The first is, what are the sources -- written and in material culture -- that inform us about that religion...