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Most aspects of our private and social lives—our safety, the integrity of the financial system, the functioning of utilities and other services, and national security—now depend on computing. But how can we know that this computing is trustworthy? In Mechanizing Proof, Donald MacKenzie addresses this key issue by investigating the interrelations of computing, risk, and mathematical proof over the last half century from the perspectives of history and sociology. His discussion draws on the technical literature of computer science and artificial intelligence and on extensive interviews with participants. MacKenzie argues that our culture now contains two ideals of proof: proof as tradition...
Propositional logic has been recognized throughout the centuries as one of the cornerstones of reasoning in philosophy and mathematics. Over time, its formalization into Boolean algebra was accompanied by the recognition that a wide range of combinatorial problems can be expressed as propositional satisfiability (SAT) problems. Because of this dual role, SAT developed into a mature, multi-faceted scientific discipline, and from the earliest days of computing a search was underway to discover how to solve SAT problems in an automated fashion. This book, the Handbook of Satisfiability, is the second, updated and revised edition of the book first published in 2009 under the same name. The handb...
This volume contains a selection of papers presented at the Seventh Logic Programming Conference that took place in Tokyo, April 11-14, 1988. It is the successor to the previous conference proceedings published as Lecture Notes in Computer Science Volumes 221, 264 and 315. The book covers various aspects of logic programming such as foundations, programming languages/systems, concurrent programming, knowledge bases, applications of computer-aided reasoning and natural language processing. The papers on foundations present theoretical results on "narrowing", a proof strategy for proving properties of Prolog programs based on inductionless induction and several issues in nonmonotonic reasoning. Of special interest to mathematicians is the paper on computer-aided reasoning, which describes a system for assisting human reasoning. Natural language application papers treat the lexical analysis of Japanese sentences, a system that generates a summary of a given sentence and a new knowledge representation formalism suited for representing dynamic behavior by extending the frame system.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Frontiers of Combining Systems, FroCoS 2005, held in Vienna, Austria, in September 2005. The 19 revised full papers presented including 2 system descriptions were carefully reviewed and selected from 28 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on combinations of logics, theories, and decision procedures; constraint solving and programming; combination issues in rewriting and programming as well as in logical frameworks and theorem proving systems.
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Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is now recognized as a crucial tool in materials science. This book, authored by a team of expert Chinese and international authors, covers many aspects of modern electron microscopy, from the architecture of novel electron microscopes, advanced theories and techniques in TEM and sample preparation, to a variety of hands-on examples of TEM applications. Volume II illustrates the important role that TEM is playing in the development and characterization of advanced materials, including nanostructures, interfacial structures, defects, and macromolecular complexes.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the First International Conference on Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design, FMCAD '96, held in Palo Alto, California, USA, in November 1996. The 25 revised full papers presented were selected from a total of 65 submissions; also included are three invited survey papers and four tutorial contributions. The volume covers all relevant formal aspects of work in computer-aided systems design, including verification, synthesis, and testing.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference on Formal Methods in Computer-Aided Design, FMCAD '98, held in Palo Alto, California, USA, in November 1998. The 27 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from a total of 55 submissions. Also included are four tools papers and four invited contributions. The papers present the state of the art in formal verification methods for digital circuits and systems, including processors, custom VLSI circuits, microcode, and reactive software. From the methodological point of view, binary decision diagrams, model checking, symbolic reasoning, symbolic simulation, and abstraction methods are covered.
This book constitutes the proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Higher Order Logic Theorem Proving and Its Applications, held in Aspen Grove, Utah, USA in September 1995. The 26 papers selected by the program committee for inclusion in this volume document the advances in the field achieved since the predecessor conference. The papers presented fall into three general categories: representation of formalisms in higher order logic; applications of mechanized higher order logic; and enhancements to the HOL and other theorem proving systems.