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Recent critiques of air quality management approaches currently employed in developed and many developing countries have suggested that efficiencies could be achieved if air quality management practices shifted from pollutant-by-pollutant approaches to a comprehensive multipollutant approach in which emission reduction decisions are based on relative risk and evaluated on their effectiveness in meeting environmental and health goals. This book assesses our technical readiness to undertake such an approach, and it outlines the technical developments that will be needed to achieve a risk-based approach air quality management that includes means for measuring the effectiveness of management decisions.
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Since the beginning of the 1980's, research has continued to clarify and improve our understanding of the problern of the ecological impact of acidic precipitation. From September 15-20, 1985, Canada convened the the Muskoka Symposium on Acidic Precipitation to review progress and help chart the direction of future studies. The Conference was held in central Ontario, Canada, a region of heavy sulphate deposition where aquatic effects are evident. Approximately 700 people attended, over 500 of whom were research scientists. Over 400 papers were presented. Nearly 200 of the papers are included in these proceedings, which tagether give the present state of the art of acid rain research. The Conference focused on atmospheric science and aquatic and terrestrial effects. I have made some general observations on progress in clarifying issues and linkages between these areas of research. Out standing issues which require a great deal more work are identified. These are my views, influenced by personal bias and limited by my expertise. Atmospheric Seiences Three aspects were covered: measurement techniques, the actual measure ments, and source-receptor relationships.
In 1949, when the North Atlantic Treaty was ratified, one of its articles explicitly noted '1hat member countries should contribute towards the further development of peaceful and friendly international relations." Specific problems related to the human environment were addressed by the Committee of Challenges of Modern Society (CCMS) of NATO, established in 1969. This provided a framework within which a series of International Technical Meetings (ITMs) on Air Pollution Modelling has been held. This volume documents the proceedings of the 18th meeting in this series. Science, like the arts and sports, provides an ideal vehicle for "developing peaceful and friendly international relations". N...