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Freedom from Fatalism
Samuel Rutherford's (1600-1661) scholastic theology has been criticized as overly deterministic and even fatalistic, a charge common to Reformed Orthodox theologians of the era. This project applies the new scholarship on Reformed Orthodoxy to Rutherford's doctrine of divine providence. The doctrine of divine providence touches upon many of the disputed points in the older scholarship, including the relationship between divine sovereignty and creaturely freedom, necessity and contingency, predetermination, and the problem of evil. Through a close examination of Rutherford's Latin works of scholastic theology, as well as many of his English works, a portrait emerges of the absolutely free and independent Creator, who does not utilize his sovereignty to dominate his subordinate creatures, but rather to guarantee their freedom. This analysis challenges the older scholarship while making useful contributions to the lively conversation concerning Reformed thought on freedom.
The Transfer of Sin
According to the apostle Paul, Christ was made sin. What does this mean: can sin be transferred? Was Christ punished? At the end of the 17th century, in the so-called Third Antinomian Controversy English and Dutch Reformed theologians discussed the concept of imputation in its interrelationship with forgiveness, punishment, and justice. This study helps you to understand their complex and fascinating theological and philosophical reflections. Because the same themes had already extensively been discussed during the century before against Socinianism, the Antinomian Controversy is placed in an interconfessional and international context, highlighting the significance of Socinians and Hugo Grotius.
