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Predicting the effect of climate change on insect populations can be used to estimate the costs and benefits of protecting forests from potential damage. In this report, the authors present an analysis of potential changes in the distribution of spruce budworm (Choristoneura fumiferana Clem.) defoliation under climate change in Ontario. They use an empirical model that relates defoliation to historical bioclimatic variables, and then apply climate change data to this model to predict potential changes in the distribution of defoliation.--Includes text from document.
On- strategies organized according to the need to understand climate site land use planning and management techniques must be change, mitigate the impacts of rapid climate change, and help designed to protect the ecological and social pieces, patterns, Ontarians adapt to climate change: and processes. [...] Given the uncertainty in the amount of emissions and associated effects, natural resource management agencies around the world are using a number of climate models and scenarios of human behaviour to depict a range of potential climatic conditions and impacts that may appear in the next 100 years. [...] It is notable that the countries attending the 2005 climate change conference in Montr...
"Forest carbon and how it changes over time provides an indicator of the sustainability of forest management. It is also a sign of sequestration or emission of carbon dioxide between forests and the atmosphere that can affect the mitigation of atmospheric greenhouse gas accumulation and global climate change. To address the need for information on Ontario's forest carbon budget, a large-scale forest carbon modelling project was initiated. The background and objectives of this project are described in this report. Three complementary approaches are being used to estimate large-scale forest carbon storage in Ontario's forests: (1) the Carbon Budget Model of the Canadian Forest Sector (CBMCFS), (2) a modified version of FORCARB, which is the model developed by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Service to estimate carbon in U.S. forests, and (3) direct estimation of forest biomass carbon using Ontario's growth and yield and forest resources inventory data (CAM, the Carbon Allometry Method)."--Docment.
Acknowledgements -- Introduction to Climate Change -- Assessing the effects of climate change on nature-based tourism, outdoor recreation, and forestry -- Climate change and social and economic systems -- Response and adaptation -- Social and economic effects of climate change on nature-based tourism and recreation in Ontario -- Social and economic effects on forestry in Ontario -- Discussion and conclusions -- References.
This book combines several ideas and philosophies and provides a detailed discussion on the value addition of fruits, vegetables, spices, plantation crops, floricultural crops and in forestry. Separate chapters address the packaging, preservation, drying, dehydration, total quality management and supply chain management of horticultural crops. The book explains value addition as a process of increasing the economic value and consumer appeal of a commodity with special reference to horticultural crops. Each chapter focuses on a specific area, exploring value addition as a production/ marketing strategy driven by customer needs and preferences. But, as such, it is also a more creative field, c...
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Wildland Fire, Forest Dynamics, and Their Interactions" that was published in Forests
In Arctic Canada, Hudson Bay is a site of great exploration history, aboriginal culture, and a vast marine wilderness supporting large populations of marine mammals and birds. These include some of the most iconic Arctic animals like beluga, narwhal, bowhead whales, and polar bears. Due to the challenges of conducting field research in this region, some of the mysteries of where these animals move, and how they are able to survive in such seemingly inhospitable, ice-choked habitats are just now being unlocked. For example, are polar bears being replaced by killer whales? This new information could not be more salient, as the Hudson Bay Region is undergoing rapid environmental change due to global warming, as well as increased pressures from industrial development interests. A Little Less Arctic brings together some of the world’s leading Arctic scientists to present the current state of knowledge on the physical and biological characteristics of Hudson Bay.
Forest landscape disturbances are a global phenomenon. Simulation models are an important tool in understanding these broad scale processes and exploring their effects on forest ecosystems. This book contains a collection of insights from a group of ecologists who address a variety of processes: physical disturbances such as drought, wind, and fire; biological disturbances such as defoliating insects and bark beetles; anthropogenic influences; interactions among disturbances; effects of climate change on disturbances; and the recovery of forest landscapes from disturbances—all from a simulation modeling perspective. These discussions and examples offer a broad synopsis of the state of this rapidly evolving subject.
Mycorrhizal symbioses are widespread and fundamental components of terrestrial ecosystems and have shaped plant evolution. Features such topics as plant/fungal communication, the interaction of mycorrhizal fungi with other soil microorganisms, and the use of mycorrhizal fungi in plant-production systems.