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U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) is responsible for the security of cargo containers shipped to the U.S. In FY 2008, 611 ports shipped a total of 9.8 million containers to the country. The 9/11 Act requires 100% of U.S.-bound cargo containers to be scanned by 2012, and CBP has begun implementing the Secure Freight Initiative (SFI) to address this requirement. This report assessed CBP's efforts to implement the 9/11 Act requirement. It addresses: (1) CBP's progress at the initial ports participating in the SFI program; (2) CBP plans to implement SFI; (3) the extent to which CBP has estimated costs and conducted a cost-benefit analysis of 100% scanning; and (4) any challenges to integrating 100% scanning with existing container security programs. Illus.
The Coast Guard is currently undertaking a major effort to update its command structure, support systems, and bus. practices. This effort, the modernization program, is intended to better position the service to fulfill its missions -- ensuring the safety and security of commercial shipping, safeguarding U.S. fisheries, interdicting the smuggling of illicit drugs, conducting search and rescue operations, and homeland security responsibilities. This program includes the establishment of 4 new organizational entities. This report answers these questions: (1) What is the genesis for the Coast Guard's modernization program? (2) To what extent has the Coast Guard conducted efforts to monitor the progress of its modernization program and evaluate the results? Illustrations.