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Mirza Makhdum Between Two Worlds: A Safavid Sadr in the Ottoman World and His Refutation of the Qizilbash Beliefs (Yeditepe Yayınevi)
Mīrzā Makhdūm was one of the most interesting characters of Ottoman history. He was a high-ranking bureaucrat in the Safavid State, but after taking refuge in the Ottoman Empire, he began a career as a judge in Diyarbakir, Tripoli and Haramayn in the late sixteenth century. He lived with a dilemma not only in the countries in which he lived, but also in his family life. Since, his mother's side is Sunni, his father's side is Shi’a. His work on the Qizilbash titled Al-Nawākiḍ li-Bunyān al-Rawāfiḍ is crucial to understand the era. This study indicates the identity crisis of Mīrzā Makhdūm via investigating the Sunni-Shia conflict through the eyes of a scholar and tries to understand how a scholar from Iran has reached high ranks in the Ottoman Empire. Also,this study provides an exciting opportunity to understand the Safavid policy in the sixteenth century, the bureaucracy in the ilmiye class and the attitude of the Ottoman bureaucrats towards the Safavid scholars.
Syrian-Kurdish Intersections in the Ottoman Period
Syrian-Kurdish Intersections in the Ottoman Period is a collection of essays on different aspects of the history of the Kurdish people in Syria under the Ottoman Empire, by specialists from Canada, Cyprus, Germany, Iran, Japan, Jordan, Lebanon, the Netherlands, Syria, Turkey, and the United States. The book explores the junctures and crossings of Kurdish lives, Syrian geography in the broadest terms, and the Ottoman rule. The contributors draw on new research in Ottoman Turkish and Arabic, and a range of other archival and narrative sources to examine the history of Kurdish settlement in Syria, including Ottoman sedentarization policies, Kurdish notable families, trade, landowning, Kurdish-Bedouin relations, Kurdish-Ottoman civil servants, Sufism, and nineteenth-century state reforms. Syrian-Kurdish Intersections in the Ottoman Period traces a social, political, economic, and religious history across nearly 400 years.
The Collapse of Rural Order in Ottoman Anatolia
Did the ‘seventeenth-century crisis’ visit the Ottoman Empire? How can we situate the explosion of rural violence and the rebellions of the turn of the seventeenth century in the Anatolian countryside? The Collapse of Rural Order in Ottoman Anatolia provides the reader with a fresh and innovative perspective on the long scholarly debate over the question of ‘decline’ in early modern Ottoman history. It offers a new agenda, new type of source material, and a new methodology for the study of demographic crisis. Through a systematic examination of little-known detailed avârız registers, Oktay Özel demonstrates in detail the mass desertion of rural settlements, the destruction of agricultural economy, and the resulting collapse of rural order in Ottoman Anatolia at the turn of the seventeenth century.
The Khotyn Campaign of 1621
In autumn 1621, at a fortified camp near Khotyn (Chocim), in the Principality of Moldavia, allied Polish, Lithuanian and Cossack armies faced a large Ottoman army led by Sultan Osman II. It was the concluding act of a war that had started with the defeat of a Polish army at Cecora one year earlier. As such it was actually part of the longer conflict, waged over the Commonwealth’s and the Ottoman’s influence over Moldavia. Throughout the whole of September and the first half of October 1621, the allied army managed to defend their camps against Turks, with both sides taking heavy losses from the hardship of the siege operations and worsening weather conditions. The conflict ended with the...
Turkish Language, Literature, and History
The twenty two essays collected in Turkish Language, Literature and History offer insights into Turkish culture in the widest sense. Written by leaders in their fields from North America, Europe and Turkey, these essays cover a broad range of topics, focusing on various aspects of Turkish language, literature and history between the eighth century and the present. The chapters move between ancient and contemporary literature, exploring Sultan Selim’s interest in dream interpretation, translating newly uncovered poetry and exploring the works of Orhan Pamuk. Linguistic complexities of the Turkish language and dialects are analysed, while new translations of 16th century decrees offer insigh...
Early Seljuq History
This book investigates the early history of the Seljuq Turks, founders of one of the most important empires of the mediaeval Islamic world, from their origins in the Eurasian steppe to their conquest of Iran, Iraq and Anatolia. The first work available in a western language on this important episode in Turkish and Islamic history, this book offers a new understanding of the emergence of this major nomadic empire Focusing on perhaps the most important and least understood phase, the transformation of the Seljuqs from tribesmen in Central Asia to rulers of a great Muslim Empire, the author examines previously neglected sources to demonstrate the central role of tribalism in the evolution of th...
Architecture and Hagiography in the Ottoman Empire
Based on a thorough examination of buildings, inscriptions, archival documents and hagiographies, this book uncovers the political significance of Bektashi shrines in the Ottoman imperial age. It thus provides a fresh and comprehensive account of the formative process of the Bektashi order, which started out as a network of social groups that took issue with Ottoman imperial policies in the late fifteenth century, was endorsed imperially as part of Bayezid II's (r. 1481-1512) soft power policy, and was kept in check by imperial authorities as the Ottoman approach to the Safavid conflict hardened during the rest of the sixteenth century. This book demonstrates that it was a combination of two...
Nomad's Land
During the nineteenth century, the development and codification of forest science in France were closely linked to Provence’s time-honored tradition of mobile pastoralism, which formed a major part of the economy. At the beginning of the century, pastoralism also featured prominently in the economies and social traditions of North Africa and southwestern Anatolia until French forest agents implemented ideas and practices for forest management in these areas aimed largely at regulating and marginalizing Mediterranean mobile pastoral traditions. These practices changed not only landscapes but also the social order of these three Mediterranean societies and the nature of French colonial admin...
A Moveable Empire
A Moveable Empire examines the history of the Ottoman Empire through a new lens, focusing on the migrant groups that lived within its bounds and their changing relationship to the state's central authorities. Unlike earlier studies that take an evolutionary view of tribe-state relations -- casting the development of a state as a story in which nomadic tribes give way to settled populations -- this book argues that mobile groups played an important role in shaping Ottoman institutions and, ultimately, the early republican structures of modern Turkey. Over much of the empire's long history, local interests influenced the development of the Ottoman state as authorities sought to enlist and acco...
Architecture and Hagiography in the Ottoman Empire
Based on a thorough examination of buildings, inscriptions, archival documents and hagiographies, this book uncovers the political significance of Bektashi shrines in the Ottoman imperial age. It thus provides a fresh and comprehensive account of the formative process of the Bektashi order, which started out as a network of social groups that took issue with Ottoman imperial policies in the late fifteenth century, was endorsed imperially as part of Bayezid II's (r. 1481-1512) soft power policy, and was kept in check by imperial authorities as the Ottoman approach to the Safavid conflict hardened during the rest of the sixteenth century. This book demonstrates that it was a combination of two...
