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Because aging is accompanied by a steady decline in resistance to infectious diseases, the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases in the elderly is not only much more complex, but also often quite different from that for younger patients. In the second edition of Infectious Disease in the Aging: A Clinical Handbook, a panel of well known and highly experienced geriatric physicians and infectious disease experts review the most important common infections affecting the elderly and delineate their well-proven diagnostic, therapeutic, and preventive techniques. Among the illnesses discussed are urinary tract infections, pneumonia, ocular infections, tuberculosis, and fungal and viral infections. In addition, there are detailed discussions of sepsis, infective endocarditis, intraabdominal infections, bacterial meningitis, osteomyelitis and septic arthritis, and prosthetic device infections.
This book serves as a practical guide to managing some of the most difficult infection problems with multiple drug-resistant organisms. The authors cover all classes of microbial infections from gram-positive bacteria to mycobacteria to viral infections and provide everything from the epidemiological and scientific background to the management of the multiple drug-resistant infections in both major hospital and community-acquired pathogens, making this an essential reference for all infectious disease practitioners.
With the exception of a few tropical medicine schools worldwide, current medical education programs include almost zero discussion of the interface between infectious diseases and entomology. That is why this book was initially published in the first edition almost 17 years ago. The third edition of this valuable infectious disease entomology book updates all existing chapters with the newest scientific developments described in the medical and entomological literature in addition to covering 10 entirely new topics not addressed in previous editions, which include: · arthropod identification controversies · early beginnings of public health and disease control · red-meat allergy · updates on vaccine development for dengue and malaria · discussion of Chikungunya and Zika viruses · American Boutonnneuse Fever · the newest controversies in Lyme disease · recent findings of viruses in ticks · bed bug bite reactions · Morgellons disease (an imaginary infectious disease)
A magisterial survey of all aspects of the reverse transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs) used to treat HIV/AIDS, including drug discovery, pharmacology, development of drug resistance, toxicity, and prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS. The authors synthesize our current understanding of the role of reverse transcriptase in the viral life cycle, describe the discovery and development of eight nucleoside and nucleotide analogs that represent milestones in treatment history, and thoroughly discuss the question of toxicity and resistance to this class of drugs. They also address three non-nucleoside RTIs and their pharmacokinetics and comparative clinical efficacy, new RTIs currently under development, and the impact of approved agents on treatment, in general, and on vertical transmission in the developing world.
In this concise book, an international panel of experts provide a succinct, up-to-date, evidence-based reference to the neurological consequences of infectious diseases and immunodeficiency syndromes in children in one readily accessible volume. Within each of its conveniently structured chapters, readers will find a general description of the disease or disorder. Finally a volume for pediatricians, neurologists, infectious disease specialists and all who care for children.
In 2003, the President’s budget for bioterrorism defense totalled more than $5 billion. Today, the nation’s top academic scientists are scrambling to begin work to understand Bacillus anthracis and develop new vaccines and drugs. However, just five years ago, only the US Department of Defense (DOD) seemed concerned about these “exotic” agents. In 1997, the DOD spent approximately $137 million on biodefense to protect the deployed force, while academe, industry, local governments, and most of our federal leadership was oblivious to, and in some cases doubtful of, the seriousness of the threat. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) received the largest budget increase in the organization’s history. Fortunately, during this time of national urgency, a sound base exists on which to build our defenses against this new threat. A relatively small cadre of dedicated scientists within the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (USAMRMC) laid this foundation over the past 20 years.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Mycoses brings together globally-recognized mycoses experts to guide readers in the use of current knowledge in the field of medical mycology to manage those who suffer from fungal infections (mycoses). Often, diagnostic strategies and tests, including basic and directed culturing techniques, histopathology with standard and special stains, serological methods, and radiological studies all need to be considered and commonly combined to make the diagnosis of fungal infection. This volume first introduces and reviews these tools separately and then as they pertain to specific infections or groups of diseases. The volume consists of four parts. Parts I-III provide an overview of diagnostic and therapeutic tools, and part IV presents the human mycoses. Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Mycoses is meant to be a concise text that will provide the busy infectious disease, hematology–oncology, pulmonology, or critical care specialist a practical tool to diagnose and manage fungal infections. In addition, the depth of the material in the text will provide these and other medical specialists and trainees an excellent reference and learning resource.
The concept of innate immunity refers to the first-line host defense that serves to limit infection in the early hours after exposure to microorganisms. Recent data have highlighted similarities between pathogen recognition, signaling pathways, and effector mechanisms of innate immunity in Drosophila and mammals, pointing to a common ancestry of these defenses. In addition to its role in the early phase of defense, innate immunity in mammals appears to playa key role in stimulating the subsequent clonal response of adaptive immunity. Recent exciting information has determined that the templates that are laid down in primitive life forms, like flowering plants and insects, form the basic prin...
A concise clinical reference that facilitates the diagnosis of intrauterine and perinatally acquired infections was the goal in creating the Congenital and Perinatal Infections: A Concise Guide to Diagnosis. Information about the natural history, m- agement, and outcome of these infections is well detailed in many other sources and so has not been included. Rather, the focus of the book is diagnosis. The initial chapters provide general information about serological and nonserological assays that are used for the diagnosis of infections, and a chapter about the placenta includes details about histopathological findings that can be helpful with the diagnosis of congenital inf- tions. The rema...
A cutting-edge review of the major research areas of adjuvant discovery, design, development, and use. The authors lay down a rational basis for vaccine adjuvant function and analyze a number of significantly distinct adjuvant-active molecules to illuminate the principles of their function and use. The focus is on specific receptor-ligand interactions, including the molecular features needed for a compound to possess adjuvant activity. The critical interface zone between the innate and adaptive immune systems is also analyzed to show how adjuvants exert their effects on T- and B-cell activation. Additional chapters address the possibility of tailoring adjuvants to yield optimally safe and effective responses.