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As a consequence of recent increased awareness of the social and political dimensions of climate, many non-specialists discover a need for information about the variety of available climate models. A Climate Modelling Primer, Third Edition explains the basis and mechanisms of all types of current physically-based climate models. A thoroughly revised and updated edition, this book assists the reader in understanding the complexities and applicabilities of today’s wide range of climate models. Topics covered include the latest techniques for modelling the coupled biosphere-ocean-atmosphere system, information on current practical aspects of climate modelling and ways to evaluate and exploit ...
As a consequence of recent increased awareness of the social and political dimensions of climate, many non-specialists discover a need for information about the variety of available climate models. A Climate Modelling Primer, Fourth Edition is designed to explain the basis and mechanisms of all types of current physically-based climate models. A thoroughly revised and updated edition, this book will assist the reader in understanding the complexities and applicabilities of today’s wide range of climate models. Topics covered include the latest techniques for modelling the coupled biosphere-ocean-atmosphere system, information on current practical aspects of climate modelling and ways to ev...
Now in its second edition,Climatology continues to provide an up-to-date stimulating and comprehensive guide to the nature of the earth's climate. It presents a synthesis of contemporary scientific ideas about atmospheric circulation. Topics covered include: -Energy systems-The hydrological cycle-General circulation, local and regional climate-Application of climate information-Use of satellite observations
"The study of climate today seems to be dominated by global warming, but these predictions of climatic models must be placed in their geological, paleo-climatic, and astronomical context to create a complete picture of the Earth's future climate. The Future of the World's Climate presents that perspective with data and projections that have emerged from more technologically advanced and accurate climate modeling"--Publisher's website.
Future Climates of the World: A Modelling Perspective is Volume 16 of the highly prestigious series of climatology reference books World Survey of Climatology. The present volume offers a state-of-the-art overview of our understanding of future climates and is aimed at climatology undergraduates, interested non-climatologists with a scientific background as well as the generally interested reader. Each topic is discussed clearly so that the full implications of its affect on the earth's future climate can be fully understood. The study of climate has moved from data collection ``climatology'' to the model and experimentally based predictions of ``climatic science''. Our understanding of climatic prediction depends crucially upon improvements in, and improved understanding of, climatic models. The book compises four main themes which follow an introductory chapter i.e. the geologic perspective (I) and present-day observations (II) as they pertain to future climates; human factors affecting future climates (III) and planetary geophysiology and future climates (IV).
Object-oriented (OO) metrics are an integral part of object technology -- at the research level and in commercial software development projects. This book offers theoretical and empirical tips and facts for creating an OO complexity metrics (measurement) program, based on a review of existing research from the last several years. KEY TOPICS: Covers moving through object-oriented concepts as they related to managing the project lifecycle; the framework in which metrics exist; structural complexity metrics for traditional systems; OO product metrics; and current industrial applications. MARKET: For software developers, programmers, and managers.
Aimed at modellers and developers, this book focuses on the specific activity of modelling the software development process using OPEN principles and the UML notation. An accompanying CD-ROM provides a demo CASE tool, which can be used to practice the exercises in the text.
A book for one. A book for two. A book for different points of view. This clever and colorful picture book of opposites will change the way you see things, literally. Turn the book upside down and your perspective alters: Left becomes right; high becomes low; empty becomes full! Great as a rhyming read-aloud, and even better with a friend, this book of two points of view begs to be shared and will immerse booklovers of all ages in a unique reading experience. • Strikingly designed, colorfully illustrated, and playfully written • Features a playful exploration of shapes and opposites will thrill parents and teachers • Read-aloud book with friendly rhyming text and gentle optical illusions This playful exploration of shapes and opposites will thrill parents and teachers, and offers young readers-alone or readers-aloud a friendly rhyming text and gentle optical illusions to invite them to look and look again. This book is perfect for: • Parents • Librarians • Lovers of beautiful picture books
Computing as a discipline is maturing rapidly. However, with maturity often comes a plethora of subdisciplines, which, as time progresses, can become isolationist. The subdisciplines of modelling, metamodelling, ontologies and modelling languages within software engineering e.g. have, to some degree, evolved separately and without any underpinning formalisms. Introducing set theory as a consistent underlying formalism, Brian Henderson-Sellers shows how a coherent framework can be developed that clearly links these four, previously separate, areas of software engineering. In particular, he shows how the incorporation of a foundational ontology can be beneficial in resolving a number of contro...
While previously available methodologies for software – like those published in the early days of object technology – claimed to be appropriate for every conceivable project, situational method engineering (SME) acknowledges that most projects typically have individual characteristics and situations. Thus, finding the most effective methodology for a particular project needs specific tailoring to that situation. Such a tailored software development methodology needs to take into account all the bits and pieces needed for an organization to develop software, including the software process, the input and output work products, the people involved, the languages used to describe requirements...