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Even before the deep learning revolution, the landscape of artificial intelligence (AI) was already changing drastically in the 90s. Embodied intelligence, it was proposed, must play a crucial role in the design of intelligent machines. This new wave was inspired by what is today known as Embodied and Enactive Cognitive Science or E-Cognition, which considers that cognitive activity does not reduce to the intellectual capacities of agents being able to represent their environments. E-cognition set AI and robotics in a new direction, in which intelligent machines are required to interact with the environment, and where this interaction does not reduce to explicit representations or prespecifi...
In this collection of essays, experts in the field of consciousness research shed light on the intricate relationship between conscious and unconscious states of mind. Advancing the debate on consciousness research, this book puts centre stage the topic of commonalities and differences between conscious and unconscious contents of the mind. The collection of cutting-edge chapters offers a breadth of research perspectives, with some arguing that unconscious states have been unjustly overlooked and deserve recognition for their richness and wide scope. Others contend that significant differences between conscious and unconscious states persist, highlighting the importance of their distinct cha...
A recent wave of research in psychiatry and neuroscience has re-examined the properties of “classic” psychedelic substances - also known as serotonergic hallucinogens - such as psilocybin, LSD, and DMT. Evidence to date suggests that psychedelics can be given safely in controlled conditions, at moderate to high doses, and may have potential as therapeutic agents in the treatment of various addictive and mood disorders. The main mechanism of action appears to be the induction of a dramatically altered state of consciousness, but the details of how psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy works are hotly debated, as are the relations between psychedelic experiences themselves and the neural chan...
This volume constitutes the papers of the 3rd International Workshop on Active Inference, IWAI 2022, held in Grenoble, France, in conjunction with ECML/PKDD, on September 19, 2022. The 25 revised full papers presented in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 31 submissions.
An evolutionary case for the existence of free will Scientists are learning more and more about how brain activity controls behavior and how neural circuits weigh alternatives and initiate actions. As we probe ever deeper into the mechanics of decision making, many conclude that agency—or free will—is an illusion. In Free Agents, leading neuroscientist Kevin Mitchell presents a wealth of evidence to the contrary, arguing that we are not mere machines responding to physical forces but agents acting with purpose. Traversing billions of years of evolution, Mitchell tells the remarkable story of how living beings capable of choice arose from lifeless matter. He explains how the emergence of ...
Why do we exist? For centuries, this question was the sole province of religion and philosophy. But now science is ready to take a seat at the table. According to the prevailing scientific paradigm, the universe tends toward randomness; it functions according to laws without purpose, and the emergence of life is an accident devoid of meaning. But this bleak interpretation of nature is currently being challenged by cutting-edge findings at the intersection of physics, biology, neuroscience, and information theory—generally referred to as “complexity science.” Thanks to a new understanding of evolution, as well as recent advances in our understanding of the phenomenon known as emergence,...
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of five workshops co-located with SAFECOMP 2018, the 37th International Conference on Computer Safety, Reliability, and Security, held in Västerås, Sweden, in September 2018. The 28 revised full papers and 21 short papers presented together with 5 introductory papers to each workshop were carefully reviewed and selected from 73 submissions. This year's workshops are: ASSURE 2018 – Assurance Cases for Software-Intensive Systems; DECSoS 2018 – ERCIM/EWICS/ARTEMIS Dependable Smart Embedded and Cyber-Physical Systems and Systems-of-Systems; SASSUR 2018 – Next Generation of System Assurance Approaches for Safety-Critical Systems; STRIVE 2018 – Safety, securiTy, and pRivacy In automotiVe systEms; and WAISE 2018 – Artificial Intelligence Safety Engineering. The chapter '“Boxing Clever”: Practical Techniques for Gaining Insights into Training Data and Monitoring Distribution Shift' is available open access under an Open Government License via link.springer.com.