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Linked Lexical Knowledge Bases
This book conveys the fundamentals of Linked Lexical Knowledge Bases (LLKB) and sheds light on their different aspects from various perspectives, focusing on their construction and use in natural language processing (NLP). It characterizes a wide range of both expert-based and collaboratively constructed lexical knowledge bases. Only basic familiarity with NLP is required and this book has been written for both students and researchers in NLP and related fields who are interested in knowledge-based approaches to language analysis and their applications. Lexical Knowledge Bases (LKBs) are indispensable in many areas of natural language processing, as they encode human knowledge of language in...
The Semantics of Derivational Morphology
This volume brings together cutting-edge research on the semantic properties of derived words and the processes by which these words are derived. To this day, many of these processes remain under-researched and the nature of meaning in derivational morphology remains ill-understood. All eight articles have an empirical focus and rely on carefully collected sets of data. At the same time, the contributions represent a broad variety of approaches. Several contributions deal with specific problems of the pairing of form and meaning, such as the rivalry between nominalizing suffixes or the semantic categories encoded by conversion pairs. Other articles tackle the more general question of how meaning is organized, e.g. whether there is evidence for the paradigmatic organization of derived words or the reality of the inflection-derivation dichotomy. The contributions feature innovative methodologies, such as representing lexical meaning as word distribution or predicting semantic properties by means of analogical algorithms. This volume offers new and highly interesting insights into how complex words mean, and offers directions for future research in an oft-neglected field.
Digital Research Methods for Translation Studies
Digital Research Methods for Translation Studies introduces digital humanities methods and tools to translation studies. This accessible book covers computer-assisted approaches to data collection, data analysis, and data visualization and presentation, offering authentic examples of these approaches in both translation studies research and projects from related fields. With a diverse range of examples featuring various contexts and language combinations to ensure relevance to a wide readership, this volume covers the strengths and limitations of computer-assisted research methods, as well as the ethical challenges specific to this kind of research. This is an essential text for advanced undergraduate and graduate translation studies students, as well as researchers looking to adopt new research methods.
Terminological Approaches in the European Context
This volume provides a picture of state-of-the-art studies on terminology at the European level. Addressing a range of linguistic and cultural topics, it illustrates the diversity of terminological approaches, uses and solutions. A variety of national contexts and areas, from economics and law through to gender, environment and education, is explored to illustrate emerging national issues and practices in view of measuring and assessing them against European standards. The book discusses the selection of languages and cultural attitudes that characterize European Union countries, challenging and productive as they can be. It highlights the need to acknowledge differences in specific domains and the necessity to evaluate national policies (or indeed lack of policies) regarding terminological issues, and facilitate communication and dissemination of knowledge.
Building and Using Comparable Corpora
The 1990s saw a paradigm change in the use of corpus-driven methods in NLP. In the field of multilingual NLP (such as machine translation and terminology mining) this implied the use of parallel corpora. However, parallel resources are relatively scarce: many more texts are produced daily by native speakers of any given language than translated. This situation resulted in a natural drive towards the use of comparable corpora, i.e. non-parallel texts in the same domain or genre. Nevertheless, this research direction has not produced a single authoritative source suitable for researchers and students coming to the field. The proposed volume provides a reference source, identifying the state of the art in the field as well as future trends. The book is intended for specialists and students in natural language processing, machine translation and computer-assisted translation.
French subject islands
This book examines extractions out of the subject, which is traditionally considered to be an island for extraction. There is a debate among linguists regarding whether the “subject island constraint” is a syntactic phenomenon or an illusion caused by cognitive or pragmatic factors. The book focusses on French, that provides an interesting case study because it allows certain extractions out of the subject despite not being a typical null-subject language. The book takes a discourse-based approach and introduces the “Focus-Background Conflict” constraint, which posits that a focused element cannot be part of a backgrounded constituent due to a pragmatic contradiction. The major novel...
From Fritzl to #metoo
This is the first longitudinal study of the language used by the British press to talk about rape. Through a diachronic analysis informed by corpus linguistics and feminist theory, Tranchese examines how rape discourse has (or has not) changed over the past decade. With its detailed investigation of media representations, the book explores how age-old myths about sexual violence re-emerge in different forms within news narratives. Against the backdrop of twelve years of newspaper coverage of rape, including many high-profile cases, this study also traces the rise of “celebrity culture”, the emergence of #metoo, and the development of the backlash against it. The author places these historical events and recent trends within broader debates on feminism and the role played by (social) media in shaping contemporary rape discourse. This book provides a much-needed linguistic analysis which will be of particular interest to scholars and students of feminist studies, language and gender, corpus-assisted discourse studies, and gendered crime.
Fascinating Transitions in Multilingual Newscasts
This book combines methods including Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA), Corpus Linguistics and comparative analysis in order to grasp the complexities and ramifications of multilingual broadcasting journalism in different national and supranational contexts. Starting with the idea that both journalism and translation are multi-layered objects and may conceal power dynamics and struggles within society, the author uses a theoretical and methodological convergence framework to analyse examples from Italy, the UK and Europe, as well as calling for larger and more systematic studies about language transfer activities in the news. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of translation, corpus linguistics, journalism and CDA.
Constructional Approaches to Syntactic Structures in German
This book provides a state of the art collection of constructional research on syntactic structures in German. The volume is unique in that it offers an easily accessible, yet comprehensive and sophisticated variety of papers. Moreover, various of the papers make explicit connections between grammatical constructions and the concept of valency which has figured quite prominently in Germanic Linguistics over the past half century.
