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Petroleum Contamination in Warm and Cold Marine Environments
The book describes the oil spill and its fate in the marine environment and clarifies how to treat and reduce oil input in coastal and offshore waters. How much oil is entering the world-wide marine environment is also discussed. The ecological impacts of oil spills and the hazardous effects of petroleum on marine habitats are also discussed.
Adsorption Technique for Removed of Heavy Metal Ions
Water is generally obtained from two principal natural sources: surface water such as fresh water lakes, rivers, streams and groundwater such as borehole water. Water is one of the essentials that support all forms of plant and animal life and it has unique chemical properties due to its polarity and hydrogen bond which means it is able to dissolve, absorb, adsorb or suspend many different compounds. Groundwater is the major source of drinking water in the world because of its availability and constant quality [1-3]. Groundwater is also the preferred source of drinking water in rural areas, particularly in developing countries, because no treatment is often required and the water source is often located near consumers. However, in nature, water is not pure as it acquires contaminants from its surroundings and those arising from humans and animals as well as other biological activities
Synthesis of Naturally Occurring Nitrogen Heterocycles from Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are widely distributed in nature and widely available, and so are considered as a promising feedstock for the preparation of many organic chemical compounds. They are particularly useful in the preparation of nitrogen heterocycles because of their related structural characteristics and easy availability. Synthesis of Naturally Occurring Nitrogen Heterocycles from Carbohydrates will review the recent literature dealing with use of carbohydrates as raw materials in the synthesis of these materials. The text contains six chapters arranged according to the complexity of the heterocyclic compounds discussed, ranging from five to seven membered rings and from single to multiple fused...
Advances in Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biochemistry
Since its inception in 1945, this serial has provided critical and integrating articles written by research specialists that integrate industrial, analytical, and technological aspects of biochemistry, organic chemistry, and instrumentation methodology in the study of carbohydrates. The articles provide a definitive interpretation of the current status and future trends in carbohydrate chemistry and biochemistry. - Features contributions from leading authorities and industry experts - Informs and updates on all the latest developments in the field
Wastewater Treatment
Wastewater Treatment: Recycling, Management, and Valorization of Industrial Solid Wastes bridges the gap between the theory and applications of wastewater treatments, principles of diffusion, and the mechanism of biological and industrial treatment processes. It presents the practical applications that illustrate the treatment of several types of data, providing an overview of the characterization and treatment of wastewaters, and then examining the different biomaterials and methods for the evaluation of the treatment of biological wastewaters. Further, it considers the various types of industrial wastewater treatment, separation, and characterization of industrial wastewater. The book serves as a valuable resource for practicing engineers and students who are interested in the field of wastewater treatment. Features: Presents the latest technologies in water treatment, including nanomaterials for industrial wastewater Covers different treatments for various industrial wastewaters, including chemical and pharmaceutical waste Includes forward-thinking analysis including conclusions and recommendations for water reuse programs
Emerging Pollutant Treatment in Wastewater
This book highlights the innovations and techniques to identify and treat emerging pollutants in waste and polluted water. It begins with the classification of emerging pollutants and is followed by a review on existing detection and elimination techniques as well as the current regulations in place. Subsequent chapters cover membrane-based separation processes, polymer-based or resin-based water filters, functional materials, nanomaterials-based adsorbents, microplastics and a summary of the potential solutions in treating or removing emerging pollutants. Features Presents an overview of current and developing treatment technologies for water polluted with emerging pollutants Gives an in-depth account and analysis of advanced materials and methods for separation and treatment Reviews analytical techniques applied to detect emerging pollutants Discusses the overall effect of policies on current chemicals/plastics/APIs in the market Includes pertinent case studies and regulations This book is aimed at researchers, professionals and graduate students in environmental, civil and chemical engineering and waste and drinking water treatment.
Africa Environment Outlook 2
This is the second comprehensive report on the state of Africa's environment, produced in collaboration with the African Ministerial Conference on the Environment (AMCEN). This report highlights the central position Africa's environment continues to play in sustainable development, as well as its potential to achieve progress in the implementation of the Millennium Development Goals. The report profiles Africa's environmental resources as an asset for the continent's development. It highlights the opportunities presented by the region's natural resource base to support the continent's development. It also underscores the concept of sustainable livelihoods, and the importance of the environmental initiatives in supporting them.
Bio-organic Amendments for Heavy Metal Remediation
Bio-organic Amendments for Heavy Metal Remediation: Water, soil and plant focuses on these core continuum media to explore remediation options using microbial, organic and combined approached. A volume in the Plant Biology, Sustainability and Climate Change series, this book offers a comprehensive view of techniques and approaches for addressing contamination by heavy metals.As anthropogenic activities increasingly negatively impact natural resources, there has been significant disturbance of water, soil, and plant continuum due to the accumulation of heavy metals. The bioaccumulation of heavy metals in the food chain could pose life-threatening effects on plants as well as humans, and there...
Remediation of Heavy Metals
The book presents recent remediation techniques for heavy metal contamination in wastewater, with a focus on recently-developed and sustainable materials such as metal oxides and their composites, two-dimensional materials, organic-inorganic ion exchange materials, nanomaterials, bagasse, and olive-oil waste chelating materials. Chapters also describe the analysis of heavy metals, membranes for water treatment, sources and impact of heavy metals and opportunities and challenges in heavy metal remediation.
Citrus
Citrus is an extensively produced fruit crop and is cultivated predominantly in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. The Citrus genus consists of a variable number of species due to the admixture of wide morphological diversity, intra- and interspecific sexual compatibility, apomixis, and spontaneous mutations. Citrus fruits are highly nutritious and beneficial for health due to the presence of bioactive compounds that have antioxidant, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and blood clot-inhibiting characteristics. This book describes the citrus plant and its nutrients, nutritional value, and nutraceutical applications, as well as related biotic and abiotic challenges in its cultivation. Chapters cover such topics as citrus genealogy, production, and crop management; milestones achieved in citrus improvement; importance of weather conditions in cropping systems; effects of changing climate on citrus; and much more.
