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The development of the child's ability to draw is an inherently fascinating and complex subject. Many theories have been proposed to explain this development, but until now o on has undertaken a cross-cultural, controlled study of children in the act of drawing. "Playing with Form" is the first empirical study of children drawing in diverse cultures. Alexander Alland, Jr. spent eight months observing and filming children six cultures - Japan, Bali, Taiwan, Ponape, France, and the U.S. - as they drew. Attempting to determine the accuracy of current generalizations about the development of drawing skills as well as to understand the step-by step process of drawing, Alland amassed 240 drawings ...
Riis's images of the slums of New York have influenced every subsequent generation of photographers, while his insightful exploration of the problems of urban life continues to be educational for societies around the world.
Few historians and fewer lay people know that the first feudal constitution to recognize equality between the burghers and nobles was established in 1150 in Catalunya, sixty-five years before the signing of the Magna Carta in England. In the fifteenth century the Corts of Barcelona (a legislative body) established the principle of a "limited" monarchy obliged to govern according to laws, while guarding a degree of royal power. These facts lie at the foundation of a culture of nonviolent resistance to assimilation that has been used to combat state power in France and Spain ever since.
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The Human Imperative
Every human society displays some form of behavior that can be called “art,” and in most societies other than our own the arts play an integral part in social life. Those who wish to understand art in its broadest sense, as a universal human endowment, need to go beyond modern Western elitist notions that disregard other cultures and ignore the human species’ four-million-year evolutionary history. This book offers a new and unprecedentedly comprehensive theory of the evolutionary significance of art. Art, meaning not only visual art, but music, poetic language, dance, and performance, is for the first time regarded from a biobehavioral or ethical viewpoint. It is shown to be a biologi...