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What were the antecedents and beginnings of modern political ideas among the Turks? Dr. Mardin seeks to describe the conditions which produced these ideas, among them the influence of the Enlightenment, the changes in the fabric of Turkish society, the combination of the traditionalist Ottoman world-view with a modern Western outlook. How a modern intelligentsia was formed in the Ottoman Empire, first by the Patriotic Alliance, then under the banner of the Young Ottoman Society, is the theme of this work. Serif Mardin, who has been a research fellow at Harvard and Princeton, has returned to Tukrey for further research and teaching. Princeton Oriental Studies, 21. Originally published in 1962...
The Mediterranean and its hinterlands were the scene of intensive and transformative contact between cultures in the Middle Ages. From the seventh to the seventeenth century, the three civilizations into which the region came to be divided geographically – the Islamic Khalifate, the Byzantine Empire, and the Latin West – were busily redefining themselves vis-à-vis one another. Interspersed throughout the region were communities of minorities, such as Christians in Muslim lands, Muslims in Christian lands, heterodoxical sects, pagans, and, of course, Jews. One of the most potent vectors of interaction and influence between these communities in the medieval world was inter-religious conve...
This is the first comprehensive, multidisciplinary, and multilingual bibliography on "Women and Gender in East Central Europe and the Balkans (Vol. 1)" and "The Lands of the Former Soviet Union (Vol. 2)" over the past millennium. The coverage encompasses the relevant territories of the Russian, Hapsburg, and Ottoman empires, Germany and Greece, and the Jewish and Roma diasporas. Topics range from legal status and marital customs to economic participation and gender roles, plus unparalleled documentation of women writers and artists, and autobiographical works of all kinds. The volumes include approximately 30,000 bibliographic entries on works published through the end of 2000, as well as web sites and unpublished dissertations. Many of the individual entries are annotated with brief descriptions of major works and the tables of contents for collections and anthologies. The entries are cross-referenced and each volume includes indexes.
Postgeschichte Altertum, Mittelalter ; Telegraph ; Briefmarken ; Postkarten ; Postverbindung ; international ; Mittel des Postverkehrs ; Fussboten, Reiter, Strassenfuhrwerke ; Postfuhrwerke ; Taubenpost ; Brieftauben ; Geschichte des Briefes ; Telegrafenleitungen ; Telegraph als Verkehrsmittel ; Weltverkehr ; Wertbriefe, Postanweisungen, Postaufträge ; enthält zahlreiche sw. Illustrationen zur Postgeschichte aus aller Welt wie z. B. Reittaschen, Satteltaschen, Postwagenkasse, Postkutschen, Fussboten, Boten zu Pferde, Postillone (Uniformen), Postschiffe, Ballone, Rohrpostanlagen, Briefkästen, Postmusem Berlin, Telegrafenkabel, Telefonmasten, Bundesrat Forel, Heinrich von Stephan, Karte Weltpostverein, Telegrafenverkehr weltweit ; enthält eine kolorierte Karte der weltweiten Postverbindungen