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Genetic algorithms are playing an increasingly important role in studies of complex adaptive systems, ranging from adaptive agents in economic theory to the use of machine learning techniques in the design of complex devices such as aircraft turbines and integrated circuits. Adaptation in Natural and Artificial Systems is the book that initiated this field of study, presenting the theoretical foundations and exploring applications. In its most familiar form, adaptation is a biological process, whereby organisms evolve by rearranging genetic material to survive in environments confronting them. In this now classic work, Holland presents a mathematical model that allows for the nonlinearity of...
Stone age wine -- The Noah hypothesis -- The archaeological and chemical hunt for the earliest wine -- Neolithic wine! -- Wine of the earliest pharaohs -- Wine of Egypt's golden age -- Wine of the world's first cities -- Wine and the great empires of the ancient Near East -- The Holy Land's bounty -- Lands of Dionysos : Greece and western Anatolia -- A beverage for King Midas and at the limits of the civilized world -- Molecular archaeology, wine, and a view to the future.
This book covers all the major aspects associated with pathophysiological development of cardiac arrhythmias (covering enhanced or suppressed automaticity, triggered activity, or re-entry), from basic concepts through disease association, limitations of current pharmacotherapy and implant therapies and on-going trials and analysis of new biomarkers based on current knowledge of cellular interaction and signalling. The book describes novel and state-of-the-art methods for differentiating between the major types of arrhythmia, structural abnormalities and current practice guidelines and determination of risk stratification associated with sudden cardiac death. A particular focus is on arrhythmias associated with atrial fibrillation and includes details of associations with cardiac disease, current detection, analysis and imaging and future perspectives.
This Research Topic addresses research in genomics and biotechnology to improve the growth and quality of forest trees for wood, pulp, biorefineries and carbon capture. Forests are the world’s greatest repository of terrestrial biomass and biodiversity. Forests serve critical ecological services, supporting the preservation of fauna and flora, and water resources. Planted forests also offer a renewable source of timber, for pulp and paper production, and the biorefinery. Despite their fundamental role for society, thousands of hectares of forests are lost annually due to deforestation, pests, pathogens and urban development. As a consequence, there is an increasing need to develop trees th...
Covering both primary and revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA), each technique-oriented chapter in this book opens with a clinical case and an overview of the challenges and multiple options for management, and each section within the chapter will describe the physical exam, surgical approach, clinical outcome and recent supporting literature. Chapters will utilize bullet points for quick reference and plentiful intra-operative photos to illustrate the various techniques described. Part one covers primary TKA, with cases demonstrating management strategies for the varus and valgus knee, flexion contracture, patellofemoral arthritis, and extra-articular deformity, among others, while part two covers revision TKA, with cases demonstrating acute infection, flexion and global instability, severe tibial and femoral bone loss, and periprosthetic fracture, among others. Written and edited by experts in the field, Complex Cases In Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Collection of Current Techniques will be a useful reference for orthopedic surgeons, residents and fellows as well as sports medicine specialists and anyone involved in surgical care of the knee.