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Numbers imitate space, which is of such a di?erent nature —Blaise Pascal It is fair to date the study of the foundation of mathematics back to the ancient Greeks. The urge to understand and systematize the mathematics of the time led Euclid to postulate axioms in an early attempt to put geometry on a ?rm footing. With roots in the Elements, the distinctive methodology of mathematics has become proof. Inevitably two questions arise: What are proofs? and What assumptions are proofs based on? The ?rst question, traditionally an internal question of the ?eld of logic, was also wrestled with in antiquity. Aristotle gave his famous syllogistic s- tems, and the Stoics had a nascent propositional ...
Biography of Andreas Blass, currently Professor of Mathematics at University of Michigan.
This volume contains the papers presented at the 30th Symposium on Mathematical Foundations of Computer Science (MFCS 2005) held in Gdansk, Poland from August 29th to September 2nd, 2005.
OndrejMajer,Ahti-VeikkoPietarinen,andTeroTulenheimo 1 Games and logic in philosophy Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in the unifying methodo- gies over what have been perceived as pretty disparate logical ‘systems’, or else merely an assortment of formal and mathematical ‘approaches’ to phi- sophical inquiry. This development has largely been fueled by an increasing dissatisfaction to what has earlier been taken to be a straightforward outcome of ‘logical pluralism’ or ‘methodological diversity’. These phrases appear to re ect the everyday chaos of our academic pursuits rather than any genuine attempt to clarify the general principles underlying the miscellaneou...
We relate Freyd's topos-theoretic models for the independence of the axiom of choice to the more familiar symmetric Boolean-valued models.
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the International Symposium on Trustworthy Global Computing, TGC 2005, held in Edinburgh, UK, in April 2005, and colocated with the events of ETAPS 2005. The 11 revised full papers presented together with 8 papers contributed by the invited speakers were carefully selected during 2 rounds of reviewing and improvement from numerous submissions. Topical issues covered by the workshop are resource usage, language-based security, theories of trust and authentication, privacy, reliability and business integrity access control and mechanisms for enforcing them, models of interaction and dynamic components management, language concepts and abstraction mechanisms, test generators, symbolic interpreters, type checkers, finite state model checkers, theorem provers, software principles to support debugging and verification.
This volume outlines current developments in model theory and combinatorial set theory and presents state-of-the-art research. Well-known researchers report on their work in model theory and set theory with applications to algebra. The papers of J. Brendle and A. Blass present one of the most interesting areas of set theory. Brendle gives a very detailed and readable account of Shelah's solution for the long-standing problem of $\mathrm{Con (\mathfrak{d a )$. It could be used in anadvanced graduate seminar on set theory. Papers by T. Altinel, J. T. Baldwin, R. Grossberg, W. Hodges, T. Hyttinen, O. Lessmann, and B. Zilber deal with questions of model theory from the viewpoint of stability theory. Here, Zilber constructs an $\omega$-stable complete theory of ``pseudo-analytic''structures on algebraically closed fields. This result is part of his program of the model-theoretic study of analytic structures by including Hrushovski's method in the analytic context. The book presents this and further developments in model theory. It is geared toward advanced graduate students and researchers interested in logic and foundations, algebra, and algebraic geometry.
Proof, Computation and Agency: Logic at the Crossroads provides an overview of modern logic and its relationship with other disciplines. As a highlight, several articles pursue an inspiring paradigm called 'social software', which studies patterns of social interaction using techniques from logic and computer science. The book also demonstrates how logic can join forces with game theory and social choice theory. A second main line is the logic-language-cognition connection, where the articles collected here bring several fresh perspectives. Finally, the book takes up Indian logic and its connections with epistemology and the philosophy of science, showing how these topics run naturally into each other.
This book provides a self-contained introduction to modern set theory and also opens up some more advanced areas of current research in this field. The first part offers an overview of classical set theory wherein the focus lies on the axiom of choice and Ramsey theory. In the second part, the sophisticated technique of forcing, originally developed by Paul Cohen, is explained in great detail. With this technique, one can show that certain statements, like the continuum hypothesis, are neither provable nor disprovable from the axioms of set theory. In the last part, some topics of classical set theory are revisited and further developed in the light of forcing. The notes at the end of each chapter put the results in a historical context, and the numerous related results and the extensive list of references lead the reader to the frontier of research. This book will appeal to all mathematicians interested in the foundations of mathematics, but will be of particular use to graduates in this field.