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Emerging Swine Infectious Diseases
As major threats to the global swine industry, swine infectious diseases caused significant economic losses and potential public health issues. During the past three decades, many swine infectious diseases emerged in the field, such as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and its novel isolates with distinct pathogenicity, high pathogenic variants of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and pseudorabies virus (PRV) and influenza viruses, which lead to tremendous economic losses worldwide. A few novel pathogens identified recently, such as Senecavirus A, atypical porcine pestivirus (APPV), PCV-3, PCV4, PDCoV, SADS-CoV, influenza D, constitute a new challenge. Although...
Computational Intelligence in Medical Decision Making and Diagnosis
Computation intelligence (CI) paradigms, including artificial neural networks, fuzzy systems, evolutionary computing techniques, and intelligent agents, form the basis of making clinical decisions. This book explains different aspects of the current research on CI technologies applied in the field of medical diagnosis. It discusses critical issues related to medical diagnosis, like uncertainties in the medical domain, problems in the medical data, especially dealing with time-stamped data, and knowledge acquisition. Features: Introduces recent applications of new computational intelligence technologies focusing on medical diagnosis issues. Reviews multidisciplinary research in health care, l...
Wildlife Parasitology: Emerging Diseases and Neglected Parasites
Climate change, agricultural practices, and landscape changes have caused ecosystem fragmentation and increased the parasite spillover from wildlife to humans and domestic animals, and vice versa. Wild animals have a very important role in maintaining and spreading different pathogens to domestic animals and humans. Most of these pathogens affect more than one animal species, complicating their control in nature. Parasitic diseases are commonly identified in wild animals, livestock, and companion animals. In domestic animals, prevention and antiparasitic treatments are necessary for good health and are used to treat and prevent infections. However, if left untreated some parasitic diseases severely affect the host and more rarely, can be fatal.
Host-Pathogen Interactions During Arboviral Infections
Arboviruses, or arthropod-borne viruses, such as West Nile virus, Dengue virus, and Zika virus, pose a serious threat to public health worldwide. West Nile virus was introduced to the United States in 1999, and is now endemic, causing over 2,000 domestically acquired cases in the U.S. annually in mammals. Similarly, dengue and Zika viruses are endemic in the Americas and pose novel threats to the human population. Tick-borne viruses such as Powassan virus and Heartland virus are increasing in frequency in the U.S. At this time, there is no commercially available vaccine or therapeutic to treat these viral infections. Because nearly every mammalian case of these virus infections originates fr...
Emerging zoonoses: eco-epidemiology, involved mechanisms and public health implications
Zoonoses are currently considered as one of the most important threats for public health worldwide. Zoonoses can be defined as any disease or infection that is naturally transmissible from vertebrate or invertebrate animals to humans and vice-versa. Approximately 75% of recently emerging infectious diseases affecting humans are diseases of animal origin; approximately 60% of all human pathogens are zoonotic. All types of potential pathogenic agents, including viruses, parasites, bacteria and fungi, can cause these zoonotic infections. From the wide range of potential vectors of zoonoses, insects are probably those of major significance due to their abundance, high plasticity and adaptability...
