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Using a sample of publicly listed banks from 62 countries over the 1991-2017 period, we investigate the impact of capital on banks’ cost of equity. Consistent with the theoretical prediction that more equity in the capital mix leads to a fall in firms’ costs of equity, we find that better capitalized banks enjoy lower equity costs. Our baseline estimations indicate that a 1 percentage point increase in a bank’s equity-to-assets ratio lowers its cost of equity by about 18 basis points. Our results also suggest that the form of capital that investors value the most is sheer equity capital; other forms of capital, such as Tier 2 regulatory capital, are less (or not at all) valued by investors. Additionally, our main finding that capital has a negative effect on banks’ cost of equity holds in both developed and developing countries. The results of this paper provide the missing evidence in the debate on the effects of higher capital requirements on banks’ funding costs.
A comprehensive guide to investment analysis and portfolio management by an expert team from the CFA Institute In a world of specialization, no other profession likely requires such broad, yet in-depth knowledge than that of financial analyst. Financial analysts must not only possess a broad understanding of the financial markets-including structure, organization, efficiency, portfolio management, risk and return, and planning and construction-but they must also have a strong sense of how to evaluate industries and companies prior to engaging in an analysis of a specific stock. Investments: Principles of Portfolio and Equity Analysis provides the broad-based knowledge professionals and stude...
Discover the latest essential resource on equity portfolio management for students and investment professionals. Part of the CFA Institute's three-volume Portfolio Management in Practice series, Equity Portfolio Management offers a fuller treatment of active versus passive equity investment strategies. This text outlines key topics in the portfolio management process with clear, concise language to serve as an accessible guide for students and current industry professionals. Building on content in the Investment Management and Equity Valuation volumes in the CFA Institute Investment Series, Equity Portfolio Management provides an in-depth, technical examination of constructing and evaluating...
Understanding the current state of affairs and tools available in the study of international finance is increasingly important as few areas in finance can be divorced completely from international issues. International Finance reflects the new diversity of interest in international finance by bringing together a set of chapters that summarizes and synthesizes developments to date in the many and varied areas that are now viewed as having international content. The book attempts to differentiate between what is known, what is believed, and what is still being debated about international finance. The survey nature of this book involves tradeoffs that inevitably had to be made in the process gi...
Developing techniques for assessing various risks and calculating probabilities of ruin and survival are exciting topics for mathematically-inclined academics. For practicing actuaries and financial engineers, the resulting insights have provided enormous opportunities but also created serious challenges to overcome, thus facilitating closer cooperation between industries and academic institutions. In this book, several renown researchers with extensive interdisciplinary research experiences share their thoughts that, in one way or another, contribute to the betterment of practice and theory of decision making under uncertainty. Behavioral, cultural, mathematical, and statistical aspects of risk assessment and modelling have been explored, and have been often illustrated using real and simulated data. Topics range from financial and insurance risks to security-type risks, from one-dimensional to multi- and even infinite-dimensional risks. The articles in the book were written with a broad audience in mind and should provide enjoyable reading for those with university level degrees and/or those who have studied for accreditation by various actuarial and financial societies.
Combining academic theory with practical case studies, this book helps students understand global financial markets and business management.
Discover the official resource for success on the 2025 CFA Level I exam. Get your copy of the CFA® Program Curriculum now. The 2025 CFA Program Curriculum Level I Box Set contains the content you need to perform well on the Level I CFA exam in 2025. Designed for candidates to use for exam preparation and professional reference purposes, this set includes the full official curriculum for Level I and is part of the larger CFA Candidate Body of Knowledge (CBOK). Covering all ten core topics found on the Level I exam, the 2025 CFA Program Curriculum Level I Box Set helps you: Develop critical knowledge and skills essential in the industry. Learn from financial thought leaders. Access market-rel...
All CFA® Program exams through November 2021 will reflect the 2020 curriculum. Purchase your copy and begin studying for Level I now! The CFA® Program Curriculum 2020 Level I Box Set provides candidates and other motivated investment professionals with the official curriculum tested on the Level I CFA exam. This box set includes all the content Chartered Financial Analyst® candidates are expected to know for the Level I exam, including concise instruction on the 10 core topics covered in the Candidate Body of Knowledge (CBOK). Utilizing engaging visuals, cases, and examples to illustrate key concepts, this box set helps candidates apply what they learn in real-world investment scenarios. ...
Discover the official resource for success on the 2024 CFA Level I exam. Get your copy of the CFA® Program Curriculum now. The 2024 CFA Program Curriculum Level I Box Set contains the content you need to perform well on the Level I CFA exam in 2024. Designed for candidates to use for exam preparation and professional reference purposes, this set includes the full official curriculum for Level I and is part of the larger CFA Candidate Body of Knowledge (CBOK). Covering all ten core topics found on the Level I exam, the 2024 CFA Program Curriculum Level I Box Set helps you: Develop critical knowledge and skills essential in the industry. Learn from financial thought leaders. Access market-rel...
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Advanced Concepts for Intelligent Vision Systems, ACIVS 2016, held in Lecce, Italy, in October 2016. The 64 revised full papers presented in this volume were carefully selected from 137 submissions. They deal with classical low-level image processing techniques; image and video compression; 3D; security and forensics; and evaluation methodologies.