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The current status of fossil fuel and alternative energy is a hot topic of today. Many different sides have many different opinions on the transition strategy that will work best as fossil fuel reserves slowly diminish. Seeing the light at the end of the tunnel for fossil fuels allows us to begin envisioning the role of various alternative fuels to replace these energy sources. Hydrogen fits into this transition mostly by replacing oil in the transportation sector as the main energy carrier. Natural gas and biofuels seem to be the best short-term solution, but after 2050, hydrogen transportation must become the norm as we move into a sustainable energy sector by 2100. Fuel-cell vehicles will...
This book covers almost all the countries of the world in order to decide which countries would be able to convert to hydrogen-fueled transportation earlier and which countries would do it later. We have decided that the following nine factors (which will be called influence factors) will have more impact for a countrys conversion to hydrogen-fueled transportation than other factors: Size Population Income per capita Educational level Borders Petroleum dependence Vehicles per capita Hydrogen-filling stations We have obtained the data for size (S), population (P), income per capita (I), and vehicles per thousand of population (V) for the year 2008. We have calculated educational expenditures ...
NATO Advanced Research Workshop “The Black Sea: Strategy for Addressing its Energy Resource Development and Hydrogen Energy Problems” was held in order to evaluate the Black Sea Region’s environment, discuss the ways and means of protecting it, and to evaluate the methods of production of the energy carrier, hydrogen. Papers presented at the workshop, proposed various methods of hydrogen production from the hydrogen sulfide, from marine macro algae and other bacteria, storage and utilization of hydrogen, oil spills and pollutants in the Black Sea, degradation of the sea and the land around the region, and ways and means of protecting the environment. The workshop participants unanimous...
This book presents selected contributions to the NATO Advanced Research Workshop “Carbon Nanomaterials in Clean Energy Hydrogen Systems” held in June 2010. These original papers reflect recent progress in response to the modern-day requirements in chemistry of carbon nanomaterials and metal-hydrogen systems. Successor to the 2008 proceedings, this second volume focuses on research and application studies of materials capable of interacting actively with hydrogen, also addressing questions of hydrogen accumulation and storage. As a whole, it provides a review of the most relevant areas of hydrogen materials interactions and carbon nanomaterials science, making it invaluable for all researchers, physicists, chemists, post-graduates and young scientists interested in the structure, properties and applications of different nanocarbon materials.
This book addresses a range of real-world issues including industrial activity, energy management, education, business and health. Today, technology is a part of virtually every human activity, and is used to support, monitor and manage equipment, facilities, commodities, industry, business, and individuals’ health, among others. As technology evolves, new applications, methods and techniques arise, while at the same time citizens’ expectations from technology continue to grow. In order to meet the nearly insatiable demand for new applications, better performance and higher reliability, trustworthiness, security, and power consumption efficiency, engineers must deliver smart innovations,...
The idea of the Hydrogen Romantic book came to my mind after working for several years with the leading hydrogen energy scientists and observing their activities. One of those scientists, Dr. Turhan Nejat Veziroglu, has devoted his life to this topic, becoming much loved and respected around the world. In addition to all the momentous events in which Dr. Veziroglu has been involved, his memories are very interesting. Such a life is almost like navigating the pages of history, allowing admirers to gain information without being bored. I asked him to spend one hour with me every day, so I could interview him. During those one-hour periods, I asked him questions, and I recorded his responses. After I finished the interviews, I listened to the recordings. From this, I wrote the book. In addition, I did research on the sections dealing with the historical events. I've added this research as narratives in the book.
Hydrogen economy represents the future of human civilization. Limited resources of our planet are compelling us to turn to renewable clean energy resources and hydrogen figures prominently as the energy carrier of a future sustainable energy system. There are significant challenges to be overcome in order to make hydrogen viable, in production, storage and power generation, while safety of operation is an ever-present factor that determines success or failure of a proposed solution. Recent developments in all of these aspects are reviewed in this book, along with some latest research in the field of hydrogen energy and use.
Membrane reactors are increasingly replacing conventional separation, process and conversion technologies across a wide range of applications. Exploiting advanced membrane materials, they offer enhanced efficiency, are very adaptable and have great economic potential. There has therefore been increasing interest in membrane reactors from both the scientific and industrial communities, stimulating research and development. The two volumes of the Handbook of membrane reactors draw on this research to provide an authoritative review of this important field.Volume 2 reviews reactor types and industrial applications, beginning in part one with a discussion of selected types of membrane reactor an...
This expansive reference provides readers with the broadest available single-volume coverage of leading-edge advances in the development and optimization of clean energy technologies. From innovative biofuel feed stocks and processing techniques, to novel solar materials with record-breaking efficiencies, remote-sensing for offshore wind turbines to breakthroughs in high performance PEM fuel cell electrode manufacturing, phase change materials in green buildings to bio sorption of pharmaceutical pollutants, the myriad exciting developments in green technology described in this book will provide inspiration and information to researchers, engineers and students working in sustainability around the world.