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The book presents some selected thoughts and writings about the creation of the State of Scanderbeg and the law applied during the life of this state. At the center of the paper is presented the way and the reasons which led towards the creation of the state of Scanderbeg along with the main features of this state, including state institutions, as well as the law created and applied in the territories of this state. The authors contextualize this within the framework of the work that was done by several known authors that have dealt with Scanderbeg. Altogether have described Scanderbeg using various resources but with different methods which lead to a conclusion that Scanderbeg was one of the most important personalities in the fifteenth century who managed to stop Turkish invasion towards the west for 25 years. Thus the attributions as new Alexander the Great or the Athlete of Christ stand rightfully to this person who by created a unique state standing the in first line of front against the ottoman invasion.
Covering 29 countries and administrative areas, Nations in Transit 2007 provides comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of electoral processes, civil society, independent media, national democratic governance, local democratic governance, judicial framework & independence, and corruption.
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On May 14, 2023, Türkiye will hold both the presidential and the parliamentarian elections, in which the Turkish people will choose the president and all 600 members of the Turkish Parliament. This will be the second elections since the transition to the presidential system in 2017. After the first elections, held in June 2018, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan was elected as the first president of the new governmental system, and AK Party received more than 42 percent of the total votes, winning almost half of the seats in parliament. As in the first elections, two major political blocs will compete, namely, the People’s Alliance (Cumhur İttifakı) and the Nation Alliance (Millet İttifakı). The P...
Since 1995, the Nations in Transit series has monitored the status of democratic change from Central Europe to Eurasia and pinpointed for policymakers, researchers, journalists, and democracy advocates alike the greatest reform challenges and reform opportunities facing the countries and territories that make up this vast geographic space. Covering 29 countries and administrative areas, Nations in Transit 2010 provides comparative ratings and in-depth analysis of electoral processes, civil society, independent media, national democratic governance, local democratic governance, judicial framework & independence, and corruption. Freedom House--which for more than a quarter century has rated global political rights and civil liberties in its benchmark Freedom in the World surveys--has developed a ratings system that allows for comparative analysis of reforms. Nations in Transit findings have drawn important linkages between democratic accountability, good governance, and the rule of law. In doing so it has made clear the essential nature of all these elements to the development of stable, free, and prosperous societies. The results are incisive, authoritative, and comprehensive.
This book analyzes the effects of European Union membership conditionality on institutional reforms in Eastern Europe, building on concrete examples from four sectors in Albania and Macedonia, two postcommunist countries that have yet to join the EU. The author discusses the theory of “consociational democracy,” often considered the key to stabilizing deeply divided countries, and reapplies it on the international stage to argue for how the EU can better direct democratization.
Der Kosovo-Konflikt aus den 1990er Jahren wirft seine Schatten bis in die Gegenwart auf den südosteuropäischen Raum. Seine Ursachen und Nachwirkungen scheinen dabei durch eine simplifizierte Dichotomie anhand ethnischer Grenzen festgeschrieben. Dass eine derartige Sichtweise jedoch nicht nur vermeintliche politisch-ethnische Gegensätze unhinterfragt fortschreibt, sondern gleichfalls Herrschaftsbeziehungen außer Acht lässt, ist so naheliegend wie unbefriedigend. Das vorliegende Buch beinhaltet eine Analyse der sozialen, politischen und ökonomischen Gegebenheiten, um aus der Historie heraus eine alternative Betrachtungsweise des Kosovo und des ehemaligen Jugoslawien aufzuzeigen. Den theoretischen Hintergrund bilden insbesondere die Internationale Politische Ökonomie als auch die Postcolonial Studies, ergänzt durch Ansätze aus anderen Fachrichtungen. Vom Autor geführte Interviews mit Experten aus Serbien und dem Kosovo sowie eine thematisch breitgefächerte Quellenbasis dienen dabei als Fundament.