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From Few to Many
From Few to Many is the first comprehensive look at Colombia's 1993 health system reforms. It describes the implementation of universal health insurance, including a subsidized system for the poor, and examines the impact of this and other reforms during a time when Colombia experienced crushing recession and internal conflict that displaced half a million people. Prior to the reforms, a quarter of the Colombian population had health insurance. Subsidies failed to reach the poor, who were vulnerable to catastrophic financial consequences of illness. Yet by 2008, 85 percent of the population benefited from health insurance. From Few to Many describes the challenges and benefits of implementing social health reforms in a developing country, exploring health care financing, institutional reform, the effects of political will on health care, and more. The reforms have provided important lessons not only for continued reform in Colombia, but also for other nations facing similar challenges.
Governing Health in Contemporary China
The lack of significant improvement in people’s health status and other mounting health challenges in China raise a puzzling question about the country’s internal transition: why did the reform-induced dynamics produce an economic miracle, but fail to reproduce the success Mao had achieved in the health sector? This book examines the political and policy dynamics of health governance in post-Mao China. It explores the political-institutional roots of the public health and health care challenges and the evolution of the leaders’ policy response in contemporary China. It argues that reform-induced institutional dynamics, when interacting with Maoist health policy structure in an authorit...
Government-Sponsored Health Insurance in India
This book presents the first comprehensive review of all major government-supported health insurance schemes in India and their potential for contributing to the achievement of universal coverage in India are discussed.
The Impact of Health Insurance in Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Over the past twenty years, many low- and middle-income countries have experimented with health insurance options. While their plans have varied widely in scale and ambition, their goals are the same: to make health services more affordable through the use of public subsidies while also moving care providers partially or fully into competitive markets. Colombia embarked in 1993 on a fifteen-year effort to cover its entire population with insurance, in combination with greater freedom to choose among providers. A decade later Mexico followed suit with a program tailored to its federal system. Several African nations have introduced new programs in the past decade, and many are testing options...
Beyond Facts
Traditionally, the concept of quality of life has been viewed through objective indicators. Beyond Facts looks at quality of life through a new lens, namely, the perceptions of millions of Latin Americans. Using an enhanced version of the recently created Gallup World Poll that incorporates Latin America-specific questions, the Inter-American Development Bank surveyed people from throughout the region and found that perceptions of quality of life are often very different from the reality. These surprising findings have enormous significance for the political economy of the region and provide a wealth of information for policymakers and development practitioners to feast upon.
Toward Universal Health Coverage and Equity in Latin America and the Caribbean
Over the past three decades, many countries of Latin America and the Caribbean have recognized health as a human right. Since the early 2000s, 46 million more people in the countries studied are covered by health programs with explicit guarantees of affordable care. Reforms have been accompanied by a rise in public spending for health, financed largely from general revenues that prioritized or explicitly target the population without capacity to pay. Political commitment has generally translated into larger budgets as well as passage of legislation that ring-fenced funding for health. Most countries have prioritized cost-effective primary care and adopted purchasing methods that incentivize ...
Hacia la cobertura universal en salud y la equidad en América Latina y el Caribe
En las ultimas tres decadas, muchos pafses en America Latina y el Caribe han reconocido el tema de la salud como un derecho humano. Desde inicios de la decada del 2000, 46 millones de personas adicionales, de los pafses estudiados, gozan de la protecci6n de programas de salud con explfcitos derechos a recibir atenci6n. Las reformas han venido acompafiadas por un incremento en el gasto publico del sector salud, financiado en gran pa rte por los ingresos fiscales generales que priorizan o estan dirigidos explfcitamente hacia las poblaciones sin capacidad de pago. Los compromisos polfticos se han traducido en general en presupuestos mas elevados yen leyes aprobadas que circunscriben los fondos ...
Rumo a uma cobertura universal de saúde e equidade na América Latina e no Caribe
Nas últimas três décadas, muitos países da América Latina e Caribe reconheceram a saúde como um direito humano. Desde o início dos anos 2000, 46 milhões de pessoas nos países estudados recebem cobertura de programas de saúde com direitos explícitos a atendimento. Essas reformas foram acompanhadas por um aumento do gasto público com saúde, financiado em grande medida pelas receitas gerais que priorizam ou visam explicitamente a população que não tem capacidade de pagamento. O compromisso político em geral se traduziu em orçamentos maiores e na aprovação de legislação que insula recursos para a saúde. Muitos países priorizaram o atendimento de saúde primária com boa r...
Salud al alcance de todos
Salud al alcance de todos es el primer análisis exhaustivo de las reformas del sistema de salud que se llevaron a cabo en Colombia en 1993. Describe la creación del seguro médico, que incluye un plan subsidiado para los pobres, y examina las repercusiones de estas y otras reformas durante un período aplastante de recesión y conflictos internos que desplazaron a medio millón de personas en el país. Antes de las reformas, solo la cuarta parte de la población colombiana tenía seguro médico. Los subsidios no llegaban a los pobres, que eran vulnerables a las consecuencias económicas catastróficas de la enfermedad. No obstante, para 2008 el 85% de la población contaba con seguro médi...
