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Theory and Decision
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 333

Theory and Decision

This collection of articles contains contributions from a few of Werner Leinfellner's many friends and colleagues. Some of them are former students of Werner's. Others were colleagues of his at various American and European universities. Further, some have come to know Werner through his research, his long-standing editorship of Theory and Deci sion and his extensive participation in international conferences and congresses. The following articles are new to this volume. The areas covered are those in which Werner continues to play an active professional role. We offer them as a tribute to the many and multi-faceted contributions to the scientific enterprise for which Werner Leinfellner is s...

Economy and Interest
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 861

Economy and Interest

"The essential work from the Nobel Prize-winning virtuoso of twentieth-century economics, translated to English for the first time. Since Adam Smith developed a verbal theory of how the economy worked, economists have used mathematical equations to try to model such terms. Few figures advanced this frontier more than twentieth-century French economist Maurice Allais, whose sweeping intellectual contributions earned the Nobel Prize for economics and drew comparisons to the works of Leon Walras to Vilfredo Pareto. Allais's formidable accomplishments have been largely unread by non-Francophone readers due to the challenge of their translation; the works' technical erudition and occasional densi...

Reflections on the Foundations of Probability and Statistics
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 350

Reflections on the Foundations of Probability and Statistics

This Festschrift celebrates Teddy Seidenfeld and his seminal contributions to philosophy, statistics, probability, game theory and related areas. The 13 contributions in this volume, written by leading researchers in these fields, are supplemented by an interview with Teddy Seidenfeld that offers an abbreviated intellectual autobiography, touching on topics of timeless interest concerning truth and uncertainty. Indeed, as the eminent philosopher Isaac Levi writes in this volume: "In a world dominated by Alternative Facts and Fake News, it is hard to believe that many of us have spent our life’s work, as has Teddy Seidenfeld, in discussing truth and uncertainty." The reader is invited to share this celebration of Teddy Seidenfeld’s work uncovering truths about uncertainty and the penetrating insights they offer to our common pursuit of truth in the face of uncertainty.

Aiding Decisions with Multiple Criteria
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 551

Aiding Decisions with Multiple Criteria

Aiding Decisions With Multiple Criteria: Essays in Honor of Bernard Roy is organized around two broad themes: Graph Theory with path-breaking contributions on the theory of flows in networks and project scheduling, Multiple Criteria Decision Aiding with the invention of the family of ELECTRE methods and methodological contribution to decision-aiding which lead to the creation of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA). Professor Bernard Roy has had considerable influence on the development of these two broad areas. £/LIST£ Part one contains papers by Jacques Lesourne, and Dominique de Werra & Pierre Hansen related to the early career of Bernard Roy when he developed many new techniques and...

Evolution and Progress in Democracies
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 408

Evolution and Progress in Democracies

In a ground-breaking series of articles, one of them written by a Nobel Laureate, this volume demonstrates the evolutionary dynamic and the transformation of today's democratic societies into scientific-democratic societies. It highlights the progress of modeling individual and societal evaluation by neo-Bayesian utility theory. It shows how social learning and collective opinion formation work, and how democracies cope with randomness caused by randomizers. Nonlinear `evolution equations' and serial stochastic matrices of evolutionary game theory allow us to optimally compute possible serial evolutionary solutions of societal conflicts. But in democracies progress can be defined as any posi...

The Case Against Consequentialism Reconsidered
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 265

The Case Against Consequentialism Reconsidered

  • Type: Book
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  • Published: 2016-08-30
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  • Publisher: Springer

This book argues that critics of consequentialism have not been able to make a successful and comprehensive case against all versions of consequentialism because they have been using the wrong methodology. This methodology relies on the crucial assumption that consequentialist theories share a defining characteristic. This text interprets consequentialism, instead, as a family resemblance term. On that basis, it argues quite an ambitions claim, viz. that all versions of consequentialism should be rejected, including those that have been created in response to conventional criticisms. The book covers a number of classic themes in normative ethics, metaethics and, particularly, ethical methodology and also touches upon certain aspects of experimental moral philosophy. It is written in clear language and is analytic in its argumentative style. As such, the book should appeal to students, graduate students as well as professional academics with an interest in analytic moral philosophy.

Elicitation of Preferences
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 268

Elicitation of Preferences

Economists and psychologists have, on the whole, exhibited sharply different perspectives on the elicitation of preferences. Economists, who have made preference the central primitive in their thinking about human behavior, have for the most part rejected elicitation and have instead sought to infer preferences from observations of choice behavior. Psychologists, who have tended to think of preference as a context-determined subjective construct, have embraced elicitation as their dominant approach to measurement. This volume, based on a symposium organized by Daniel McFadden at the University of California at Berkeley, provides a provocative and constructive engagement between economists and psychologists on the elicitation of preferences.

Epistemic Complexity and Knowledge Construction
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 160

Epistemic Complexity and Knowledge Construction

The volume as its first target aims at clarifying that peculiar entanglement of complexity, causality, meaning, emergence and intentionality that characterises the unfolding of the "natural forms" of human cognition As is well known, cognition is not only a self-organising process. It is also a co-operative and coupled process. If we consider the external environment as a complex, multiple and stratified Source which interacts with the nervous system, we can easily realise that the cognitive activities devoted to the "intelligent" search for the depth information living in the Source, may determine the very change of the complexity conditions according to which the Source progressively expre...

Economic Sciences, 1981-1990
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 352

Economic Sciences, 1981-1990

Below is a list of the prizewinners during the period 1981 ? 1990 with a description of the works which won them their prizes: (1981) J TOBIN ? for his analysis of financial markets and their relations to expenditure decisions, employment, production and prices; (1982) G J STIGLER ? for his seminal studies of industrial structures, functioning of markets and causes and effects of public regulation; (1983) G DEBREU ? for having incorporated new analytical methods into economic theory and for his rigorous reformulation of the theory of general equilibrium; (1984) R STONE ? for having made fundamental contributions to the development of systems of national accounts and hence greatly improved th...

Game Theory, Experience, Rationality
  • Language: en
  • Pages: 476

Game Theory, Experience, Rationality

When von Neumann's and Morgenstern's Theory of Games and Economic Behavior appeared in 1944, one thought that a complete theory of strategic social behavior had appeared out of nowhere. However, game theory has, to this very day, remained a fast-growing assemblage of models which have gradually been united in a new social theory - a theory that is far from being completed even after recent advances in game theory, as evidenced by the work of the three Nobel Prize winners, John F. Nash, John C. Harsanyi, and Reinhard Selten. Two of them, Harsanyi and Selten, have contributed important articles to the present volume. This book leaves no doubt that the game-theoretical models are on the right t...