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Roots
The renewed focus on the evidential base of linguistics in general, but particularly on syntax, is in to a large degree dependent on technological developments: computers, electronic storage and transmission. These factors have enabled a revolution in the accessibility of digitally stored language, both in sampled and organized corpora and in its raw unsampled form on the internet. But this technology has also allowed a step-change in experimental methods readily available to linguists. The new arrival of such enormous quantities of data in greatly increased detail has made information accessible which could previously not even have been dreamed of. This volume is a selection of research reports from linguists who are making use of this new information and trying to integrate the new insights into their analyses and theoretical assumptions.
Information Structure
Der Band behandelt die Schnittstelle zwischen Pragmatik, Grammatik und Psycholinguistik bzw. Neurolinguistik. Pragmatisch bedingt sind die Zurechnungen von Satzteilen zur bekannten oder zur Neuinformation im Text. Realisiert werden die pragmatischen Gliederungen aber in der Grammatik. Die theoretische Modellierung erfolgte in generativen Grammatiken, in optimalitätstheoretischen Modellen oder anhand der Alternativsemantik. Der Schwerpunkt der Untersuchung liegt auf Korrekturkonstruktionen und auf Hutkonturen. Erstere zeichnen sich durch Kontrastakzente aus und Letztere sind zweigipflig akzentuiert. Um die Prosodie weiterzuentwickeln, beschäftigt sich die Hälfte der Beiträge mit dem psycholinguistischen und neurophysiologischen Nachweis der Intonationsparameter und mit ihrer Auswertung im Kontext. Von der Kontrastintonation geht der Band dann über zur Typologie von Kontrastkonstruktionen, zu ihrem grammatischen Vergleich und ihrer textuellen Verwendung.
The Fruits of Empirical Linguistics: Product
The architecture of the human language faculty has been one of the main foci of the linguistic research of the last half century. This branch of linguistics, broadly known as Generative Grammar, is concerned with the formulation of explanatory formal accounts of linguistic phenomena with the ulterior goal of gaining insight into the properties of the 'language organ'. The series comprises high quality monographs and collected volumes that address such issues. The topics in this series range from phonology to semantics, from syntax to information structure, from mathematical linguistics to studies of the lexicon.
Atypical Demonstratives
Atypical demonstratives have not received adequate attention in the literature so far, or have even been completely neglected. By providing fresh insights and discussing new facets, this volume contributes to the better understanding of this group of words, starting from specific empirical phenomena, and advances our knowledge of the various properties of demonstratives, their syntactic multi-functionality, semantic feature specifications and pragmatic functions. In addition, some of the papers discuss different grammaticalization processes involving demonstratives, in particular how and from which lexical and morphosyntactic categories they originate cross-linguistically, and which semantic or pragmatic mechanisms play which role in their emergence. As such, the different contributions guide the readers on an adventurous journey into the realm of different exotic species of demonstratives, whose peculiar properties offer new exiting insights into the complex nature of demonstrative expressions themselves.
Process
The contributions to The Fruits of Empirical Linguistics. Volume 1: Process reveal why the data-driven approach makes for a research environment which is fast-moving and democratic: technological change has made the sources of linguistic data readily accessible. These contributions show the methods both professional and student linguists are using to gather more evidence more easily than before.
The clausal syntax of German Sign Language
This book presents a hypothesis-based description of the clausal structure of German Sign Language (DGS). The structure of the book is based on the three clausal layers CP, IP/TP, and VoiceP. The main hypothesis is that scopal height is expressed iconically in sign languages: the higher the scope of an operator, the higher the articulator used for its expression. The book was written with two audiences in mind: On the one hand it addresses linguists interested in sign languages and on the other hand it addresses cartographers.
Type Noun Constructions in Slavic, Germanic and Romance Languages
This volume is the first dedicated to the comprehensive, in-depth analysis of constructions with nouns like ‘type’ and ‘sort’. It focuses on type noun constructions in Romance, Germanic and Slavic languages, integrating the different descriptive traditions that had been developed for each language family. As a result, a greater variety of type noun constructions is revealed than in the hitherto more fragmented literature. But attention is also drawn to the cross-linguistic similarity of the new pragmatic meanings, such as ad hoc and approximative categorization, hedging, focus and filler uses, and the new grammatical functions in NPs (e.g. phoric uses), clauses (e.g. adverbial uses) ...
Epistemic Indefinites
This book examines the semantics and pragmatics of determiners or pronouns that signal ignorance on the part of the speaker, such as Spanish algun. It offers novel empirical observations and important theoretical insights on epistemic indefinites and related topics such as modal free relatives, modified numerals, and epistemic modals.
Anaphora Processing and Applications
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 8th Discourse Anaphora and Anaphor Resolution Colloquium, DAARC 2011, held in Faro, Portugal, in October 2011. The 16 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 45 initial submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on computational resolution methodology and systems; language analysis and representation; and human processing and performance.
Product
The second volume of the two-volume set The Fruits of Empirical Linguistics focuses on the linguistic outcomes of empirical linguistics. The contributions present some of the insights that linguists can gain by applying the new methods: progress within language study is accelerated by the new evidence since language systems are more precisely captured. Readers will enjoy the fresh perspective on linguistic questions made possible by the evidence-based approach.
