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The large Nc limit plays a fundamental role in the study of non-abelian gauge theories such as quantum chromodynamics (QCD). Since its discovery in 1974 by 't Hooft, the 1/Nc expansion has provided crucial insights into the non-perturbative aspects of gauge theories. The expansion implemented at the effective theory level is one of the fundamental tools currently in use in hadronic physics; there are important effects and relations that follow from the 1/Nc expansion, which held remarkably well in the real world with Nc= 3. The 1/Ncexpansion also plays a central role in the recently discovered connections between non-Abelian gauge and string theories, promising new ways to analyze the non-perturbative domain of gauge theories.This volume contains contributions from leading theorists and covers the recent developments in the 1/Nc expansion in QCD. The topics addressed include confinement, AdS/CFT correspondence and the string-QCD connection, topology in large Nc, lattice QCD, and a variety of applications to mesons and baryons.
This volume, which is a compilation of lecture notes, seminar talks and contributed material presented at the above conference, discusses the modern approaches to hadronic physics: chiral perturbation theory, effective Lagrangians, models for hadronic structure and nuclear matter properties, method of light front quantization, etc. The lecture notes provide comprehensive pedagogical descriptions of methods and achievements in the corresponding topics, while the seminar talks review recent selected frontier work. The various contributions cover a wide spectrum of research problems in hadronic physics.
The study of QCD in the confinement regime poses some of the most difficult problems of fundamental physics at present. The mechanism of confinement is not yet understood, and it is hard to investigate the properties of the fundamental theory in the determination of the structures and interactions of hadronic systems. As a consequence of these difficulties, the frontier between effective and fundamental theories has been intensively investigated in the last few years, and progress has been achieved in several directions. The 'Hadron Physics' workshop gathered together experts who have been taking the lead in these developments in recent years. Four sets of lectures were presented, providing a pedagogical and updated basis that gives support to research work in frontier problems. This book puts together the main current methods in the study of the properties of hadrons. The perspective of future developments based on different approaches can then be more clearly perceived.
The First Latin American Symposium on High Energy Physics and VII Mexican School of Particles and Fields brought together experts, recognized worldwide, who offered courses and plenary lectures of wide interest to students and researchers. Participants also took an active part by presenting research seminars on their work. This proceedings volume is divided into two parts: Experimental and Phenomenological High Energy Physics and Cosmology and Quantum Field Theory.
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This dictionary identifies more than 13,000 German-Jewish surnames from the area that was pre-World War I Germany. From Baden-Wuerttemburg in the south to Schleswig-Holstein in the north. From Westfalen in the west to East Prussia in the east. In addition to providing the etymology and variants of each name, it identifies where in the region the name appeared, identifying the town and time period. More than 300 sources were used to compile the book. A chapter provides the Jewish population in many towns in the 19th century.
The Low Countries are famous for their radically changing landscape over the last 1,000 years. Like the landscape, the linguistic situation has also undergone major changes. In Holland, an early form of Frisian was spoken until, very roughly, 1100, and in parts of North Holland it disappeared even later. The hunt for traces of Frisian or Ingvaeonic in the dialects of the western Low Countries has been going on for around 150 years, but a synthesis of the available evidence has never appeared. The main aim of this book is to fill that gap. It follows the lead of many recent studies on the nature and effects of language contact situations in the past. The topic is approached from two different angles: Dutch dialectology, in all its geographic and diachronic variation, and comparative Germanic linguistics. In the end, the minute details and the bigger picture merge into one possible account of the early and high medieval processes that determined the make-up of western Dutch.
This book reviews adsorption techniques to clean wastewater, with focus on pollution by dyes and heavy metals. Advanced adsorbents include carbon nanomaterials, biomass, cellulose, polymers, clay, composites and chelating materials.