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This publication explores the roles and tasks carried out by language educators - teachers, teacher trainers, materials writers and others - and the way in which these might develop in the years to come.Emphasis is placed on the educative role of language teachers and the importance of adapting the language education to meet the needs of an increasingly multilingual and multicultural Europe.The authors suggest that this may lead to the development of a new paradigm for language teaching and that this will require a new didactic approach. Language education will be influenced by technological d.
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Explores the religious thought and lives of the poor women of Peru, who were central to the birth of liberation theology.
Las protagonistas de este relato son mujeres que decidieron afrontar la sublevación del 17 de julio de 1936 mediante la lucha armada. Su participación como combatientes en el bando republicano supuso un punto de inflexión para la historia de las mujeres españolas, pero a medida que la guerra avanzó, gran parte de ellas fueron relegadas a trabajos auxiliares o a la retaguardia, hasta el punto de verse gravemente desprestigiadas. Con el final de la contienda, muchas de ellas abandonaron España para no regresar, otras fueron duramente represaliadas. Finalmente, la historia las olvidó. ¿Pero quienes fueron estas milicianas? ¿Dónde lucharon? ¿Cómo y por qué fueron retiradas del frente? ¿Qué fue de sus vidas después de la guerra? La investigación para reconstruir sus biografías y recuperar su memoria, es el hilo conductor para explicar uno de los acontecimientos históricos más convulsos del siglo xx español desde una perspectiva de género.
Death was a constant, visible presence in medieval and renaissance Europe. Yet, the acknowledgement of death did not necessarily amount to an acceptance of its finality. Whether they were commoners, clergy, aristocrats, or kings, the dead continued to function literally as integrated members of their communities long after they were laid to rest in their graves. From stories of revenants bringing pleas from Purgatory to the living, to the practical uses and regulation of burial space; from the tradition of the ars moriendi, to the depiction of death on the stage; and from the making of martyrs, to funerals for the rich and poor, this volume examines how communities dealt with their dead as continual, albeit non-living members. Contributors are Jill Clements, Libby Escobedo, Hilary Fox, Sonsoles Garcia, Stephen Gordon, Melissa Herman, Mary Leech, Nikki Malain, Kathryn Maud, Justin Noetzel, Anthony Perron, Martina Saltamacchia, Thea Tomaini, Wendy Turner, and Christina Welch
This book argues that literary and historiographical works written by Iberian Christians between the twelfth and sixteenth centuries promoted contradictory representations of Muslims in order to advocate for their colonization through the affirmation of Christian supremacy. Ambivalent depictions of cultural difference are essential for colonizers to promote their own superiority, as explained by postcolonial critics and observed in medieval and early modern texts in Castilian, Catalan, and Portuguese, such as the Cantar de mio Cid, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Llibre dels fets, Estoria de España, Crónica geral de 1344, Tirant lo Blanch, and Os Lusíadas. In all these works, the contradictions of Muslim enemies, allies, and subjects allow Christian leaders to prevail and profit through their opposition and collaboration with them. Such colonial dynamics of simultaneous belligerence and assimilation determined the ways in which Portugal, Spain, and later European powers interacted with non-Christians in Africa, Asia, and even the Americas.
Includes entries for maps and atlases.
In the seventeenth century, local Jesuits and Franciscans imagined Quito as the "new Rome." It was the site of miracles and home of saintly inhabitants, the origin of crusades into the surrounding wilderness, and the purveyor of civilization to the entire region. By the early twentieth century, elites envisioned the city as the heart of a modern, advanced society—poised at the physical and metaphysical centers of the world. In this original cultural history, Ernesto Capello analyzes the formation of memory, myth, and modernity through the eyes of Quito's diverse populations. By employing Mikhail Bakhtin's concept of chronotopes, Capello views the configuration of time and space in narrativ...