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"Highly empirical analysis documents increase in poverty and worsening of income distribution during 1980s. Demonstrates that low levels of education increase incidence of poverty and income inequality. Data provided for individual countries. Valuable data reference source"--Handbook of Latin American Studies, v. 57.
El libro aborda una faceta subterránea de las políticas sociales referidas a la pobreza: los instrumentos y procedimientos de medición de ella y de clasificación de las personas como pobres en Chile. El libro indaga en la constitución de la pobreza que es objeto de gobierno, como producto de procedimientos científicos de medición, que son parte de procesos de gubernamentalidad, según la noción de Foucault, y que expresan los entrecruzamientos entre saber y poder. Trata así de la ontología y epistemología de la pobreza que es objeto de regulación y atención pública, y de los pobres que son consignados como merecedores de ayuda estatal.
This book examines the relationship between free markets and democracy. It demonstrates how the implementation of even very painful free-market economic reforms in Chile and Mexico have helped to consolidate democratic politics without engendering a backlash against either reform or democratization. This national-level compatibility between free markets and democracy, however, is founded on their rural incompatibility. In the countryside, free-market reforms socially isolate peasants to such a degree that they become unable to organize independently, and are vulnerable to the pressures of local economic elites. This helps to create an electoral coalition behind free-market reforms that is critically based in some of the market's biggest victims: the peasantry. The book concludes that the comparatively stable free-market democracy in Latin America hinges critically on its defects in the countryside; conservative, free-market elites may consent to open politics only if they have a rural electoral redoubt.
Probably no region s economists have had greater public visibility or greater impact on regional and national public policy than Latin America s and no region has been more directly affected by the spread of US economics. Economists in the Americas joins a small but important comparative literature on economics as a profession and is the first comparative treatment of professional economists in the United States and Latin America. A multidisciplinary group of scholars discusses the last sixty years of shifting trends in economics in seven countries in the Western Hemisphere Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Uruguay and the United States. The chapters address the history of economic...