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The author of the present volume aims to investigate the relationships between Romanians and nomadic Turkic groups (Pechenegs, Uzes, Cumans) in the southern half of Moldavia, north of the Danube Delta, between the tenth century and the great Mongol invasion of 1241-1242. The Carpathian-Danubian area particularly favoured the development of sedentary life, throughout the millennia, but, at various times, nomadic pastoralists of the steppes also found this area favourable to their own way of life. Due to the basic features of its landscape, the above-mentioned area, which includes a vast plain, became the main political stage of the Romanian ethnic space, a stage on which local communities had to cope with the pressures of successive intrusions of nomadic Turks, attracted by the rich pastures north of the Lower Danube. Contacts of the Romanians and of the Turkic nomads with Byzantium, Kievan Rus, Bulgaria and Hungary are also investigated. The conclusions of the volume are based on an analysis of both written sources (narrative, diplomatic, cartographic) and archaeological finds.
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Modern life in increasingly heterogeneous societies has directed attention to patterns of interaction, often using a framework of persecution and tolerance. This study of the economic, social, legal and religious position of three minorities (Jews, Muslims and pagan Turkic nomads) argues that different degrees of exclusion and integration characterized medieval non-Christian status in the medieval Christian kingdom of Hungary between 1000 and 1300. A complex explanation of non-Christian status emerges from the analysis of their economic, social, legal and religious positions and roles. Existence on the frontier with the nomadic world led to the formulation of a frontier ideology, and to anxiety about Hungary's detachment from Christendom, which affected policies towards non-Christians. The study also succeeds in integrating central European history with the study of the medieval world, while challenging such current concepts in medieval studies as frontier societies, persecution and tolerance, ethnicity and 'the other'.
From the table of contents: (38 contributions) A. Kh. Aliyeva, Evolution of the Travel Notes Genre ("Seyahatname") in Tatar Literature V. M. Alpatov, Words of Kinship in Japanese Z. Anayban, Epic Legends and Archival Materials as Sources for Historical Study of the Role of Woman in Traditional Nomadic Societies of Southern Siberia T. A. Anikeeva, Kinship in the Epic Genres of Turkish Folklore A. A. Arslanova, History of Political Relations between the Ulus of Djochi and the Uluses of the Khulaguyids I. Baski, On the Ethnic Names of the Cumans of Hungary G. F. Blagova, Relationship Terms in the Structure of Proto-Turkic Anthroponymic System E. V. Boikova, Mongolian Family in Perception of Foreigners (pre-revolutionary period) Ch. F. Carlson, Finno-Ugric and Turkic Parallel Kinship Systems P. P. Dambueva, On the Category of Voice in the Present Day Buryat Language A. V. Dybo, Indoeuropeans and Altaians through the Linguistic Reconstruction R. Finch, The Suffix /-ko/ in Japanese F. A. Ganiev, Types of Affixes in Turkic Languages M. I. Gol'man, B. Ya. Vladimirtsov about the Mongolian obok (kin) of the 11th-12th Centuries.
Small Dictionaries and Curiosity tells a story which has not been told before, that of the first European wordlists of minority and unofficial languages and dialects, from the end of the Middle Ages to the early nineteenth century. These wordlists were collected by people who were curious about the unrecorded or little-known languages they heard around them. Between them, they document more than 40 language varieties, from a Basque-Icelandic pidgin of the North Atlantic to the Kalmyk language of the lower Volga. The book gives an account of about 90 of these dictionaries and wordlists, some of them single-page jottings and some of them full-sized printed books, paying attention to their cont...
Aden, of old one of the main Eurasian ports for goods from China, Southeast Asia and India on their way to the Mediterranean lands, was controlled during the 13th - 15th centuries by the Rasūlid dynasty. One of their kings, al-Malik al-Afḍal al- ‘Abbās b. ‘Alī (1363-1377) wrote multilingual glossaries (vocabularia) of extraordinary importance, universally termed the Rasūlid Hexaglot. Its emergence caused quite a stir (e.g. New York Times, February 1981), and it is with pride that we now present our customers with the authoritative translation, commentary, and explanation of the socio-historical context by a group of major experts. The Arabic, Persian, Turkic, Greek, Armenian and Mongol languages in the King’s Dictionary were the most important tongues of the Eastern Mediterranean. The Greek, Armenian and Mongol sections, in particular, provide one of the few examples of transcriptions of living vernacular forms of the era. Thomas Allsen’s captivating chapter on the Eurasian Cultural Context of the dictionary makes clear, i.a., the depth of connections among several Eurasian cultural areas in the aftermath of the Mongol conquests.
The author traces 150 years of the study of relations between Byzantium and various North Pontic nomads, with particular attention to how colonialist or national aspirations often triggered, hampered, biased, or otherwise influenced scholarship.