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Five times in the last 40 years, the working class has posed a radical alternative to the status quo. France 1968: A general strike and factory occupations by millions of workers shake the country. Chile 1972: Workers defending the Popular Unity government set up workers' councils--the cordones--and demand control over production. Portugal 1974: Army officers overthrow the dictator Caetano and release an upsurge of "popular power" whichs last 18 months. Iran 1979: The viciously repressive Shah is toppled and workers set up independent councils, the shoras. Poland 1980: Demanding radical change, workers build the independent trade union Solidarity to fight for their own interests, exposing th...
Marxism and Social Movements is the first sustained engagement between social movement theory and Marxist approaches to collective action. The chapters collected here, by leading figures in both fields, discuss the potential for a Marxist theory of social movements; explore the developmental processes and political tensions within movements; set the question in a long historical perspective; and analyse contemporary movements against neo-liberalism and austerity. Exploring struggles on six continents over 150 years, this collection shows the power of Marxist analysis in relation not only to class politics, labour movements and revolutions but also anti-colonial and anti-racist struggles, community activism and environmental justice, indigenous struggles and anti-austerity protest. It sets a new agenda both for Marxist theory and for movement research. Contributors include: Paul Blackledge, Marc Blecher, Patrick Bond,Chik Collins, Ralph Darlington, Neil Davidson, Ashwin Desai, Jeff Goodwin, Chris Hesketh, Gabriel Hetland, Elizabeth Humphrys, Christian Høgsbjerg, David McNally, Trevor Ngwane, Heike Schaumberg and Hira Singh.
This ambitious volume examines revolutionary situations during a non-revolutionary historical conjuncture--the neoliberal era. The last three decades have seen an increase in the number of political upheavals that challenge existing power structures, many of them taking the form of urban revolts. This book compellingly explores a series of such upheavals--in Eastern Europe, South Africa, Indonesia, Argentina, Bolivia, Venezuela, sub-Saharan Africa (including Congo, Zimbabwe, Burkina Faso) and Egypt. Each chapter studies the ways in which protest movements developed into insurgent challenges to state power, and the strategies that regimes have deployed to contain and repress revolt. In addition to empirical chapters, the book engages in theorization of revolution, dealing with questions such as the patterning of revolution in contemporary history, the relationship between class struggle and social movements, and the prospects of socialist revolution in the twenty-first century.
Are you studying for an A-Level in Law? Are you thinking about reading Law or a related subject at university? Or maybe you already have a place at Law School? If you answered ‘yes’ to any of the above or if you have a general interest in how the Law works, Law Made Simple is the perfect introduction to this huge and complex subject. Covering all the foundation subjects, Contract, Torts, Land, Trusts, Criminal, Public and EU Law as well as an introduction to the personnel and mechanisms that make up the English Legal System, Law Made Simple will offer you a clear and concise introduction to both the legislation and case law relating to all the major topics. This 13th edition now includes a brand new chapter on Public Law and Human Rights, a completely revised and updated chapter on Sources of Law and has been fully updated to take into account developments across the curriculum such as the ratification of the Lisbon Treaty; the Supreme Court and the Ministry of Justice; the Legal Services Act 2007; and the Fixed Term Parliaments Act 2011.
It covers the elements of English Law, the law which is the basis of all legal systems throughout the English-speaking world, however much they may have become adapted to the needs and conditions of different countries. As well as for students studying the law as part of A-Level, BTEC and GNVQ courses, 'Law Made Simple 11th edition' provides an excellent background for the general reader and a springboard to further study. It is a particularly good guide to the Law of Contract, Law of Property and Law of Tort. Previous 10 editions of Law Made Simple have sold over 250,000 copies over 25 years. Clear and concise structure enabling quick understanding of the subject matter Covers the basics and assumes no previous knowledge of the subject
Encompassing European art, architecture and design from the sixteenth century to the present day, it explores both the work of women artists and the ways that visual representation by male and female artists may be gendered."--BOOK JACKET.
In A Seventh Man, John Berger and Jean Mohr come to grips with what it is to be a migrant worker -- the material circumstances and the inner experience -- and, in doing so, reveal how the migrant is not so much on the margins of modern life, but absolutely central to it. First published in 1975, this finely-wrought exploration remains as urgent as ever, presenting a mode of living that pervades the countries of the West and yet is excluded from much of its culture.
In contrast to the traditional view that Marx's work is restricted to a critique of capitalism and does not contain a detailed or coherent conception of its alternative, this book shows, through an analysis of his published and unpublished writings, that Marx was committed to a specific concept of a post-capitalist society that informed his critique of value production, alienated labor and capitalist accumulation. Instead of focusing on the present with only a passing reference to the future, Marx's emphasis on capitalism's tendency towards dissolution is rooted in a specific conception of what should replace it. In critically re-examining that conception, this book addresses the quest for an alternative to capitalism that has taken on increased importance today.
This album follows the roads that Southend electric trollybuses travelled when they served the borough for 29 years, eventually replacing trams from an earlier era.
Mexborough and Swindon Trolleybuses