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"In the new 2016 version of the ethical guidelines, CIOMS provides answers to a number of pressing issues in research ethics. The Council does so by stressing the need for research having scientific and social value, by providing special guidelines for health-related research in low-resource settings, by detailing the provisions for involving vulnerable groups in research and for describing under what conditions biological samples and health-related data can be used for research."--Page 4 de la couverture.
The present text is the revised/updated version of the CIOMS International Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects. It consists of 21 guidelines with commentaries. A prefatory section outlines the historical background and the revision process and includes an introduction an account of earlier instruments and guidelines a statement of ethical principles and a preamble. An Appendix lists the items to be included in the research protocol to be submitted for scientific and ethical review and clearance. The Guidelines relate mainly to ethical justification and scientific validity of research; ethical review; informed consent; vulnerability - of individuals groups comm...
Risk management of medicines is a wide and rapidly evolving concept and practice, following a medicine throughout its lifecycle, from first administration in humans through clinical studies and then marketing in the patient population at large. Previous reports from CIOMS I - VIII provided practical guidance in some essential components of risk management such as terminology and reporting of adverse drug reactions, management of safety information from clinical trials, and safety signal detection. Beyond the detection, identification, and characterization of risk, "risk minimization" is used as an umbrella term for the prevention or mitigation of an undesirable outcome. Risk management alway...
The aim of this publication is to brief drug regulatory authorities, scientific institutions and pharmaceutical companies worldwide about the development, purpose and appropriate use of Standardized MedDRA Queries (SMQs) in drug surveillance. Two papers in this publication are to assist in the rational use of search queries in the identification and retrieval of potentially relevant individual case safety reports from a database and to harmonize presentation of search results. It also includes examples to illustrate the structure and content of end product.
In recent years public expectations for rapid identification and prompt management of emerging drug safety issues have grown swiftly. Over a similar timeframe, the move from paper-based adverse event reporting systems to electronic capture and rapid transmission of data has resulted in the accrual of substantial datasets capable of complex analysis and querying by industry, regulators and other public health organizations. These two drivers have created a fertile environment for pharmacovigilance scientists, information technologists and statistical experts, working together, to deliver novel approaches to detect signals from these extensive and quickly growing datasets, and to manage them a...
At any point in the drug development process, systematic reviews and meta-analysis can provide important information to guide the future path of the development program and any actions that might be needed in the post-marketing setting. This report gives the rationale for why and when a meta-analysis should be considered, all in the context of regulatory decision-making, and the tasks, data collection, and analyses that need to be carried out to inform those decisions. There is increasing demand by decision-makers in health care, the bio-pharmaceutical industry, and society at large to have access to the best available evidence on benefits and risks of medicinal products. The best strategy w...
In spite of recent progress in the harmonization of terminology and processes affecting work on the clinical safety of medicines consensus is needed on standards for many difficult aspects of day-to-day pharmacovigilance that continue to pose problems for both the pharmaceutical industry and drug regulators. The CIOMS V Working Group has generated proposals for pragmatic approaches to dealing with such issues as: classification and handling of individual safety case reports from a variety of sources (spontaneous consumer reports solicited reports literature the Internet observational studies and secondary data bases disease and other registries regulatory ADR databases and licensor-licensee ...
This Dictionary presents a broad range of topics relevant in present-day global bioethics. With more than 500 entries, this dictionary covers organizations working in the field of global bioethics, international documents concerning bioethics, personalities that have played a role in the development of global bioethics, as well as specific topics in the field.The book is not only useful for students and professionals in global health activities, but can also serve as a basic tool that explains relevant ethical notions and terms. The dictionary furthers the ideals of cosmopolitanism: solidarity, equality, respect for difference and concern with what human beings- and specifically patients - have in common, regardless of their backgrounds, hometowns, religions, gender, etc. Global problems such as pandemic diseases, disasters, lack of care and medication, homelessness and displacement call for global responses.This book demonstrates that a moral vision of global health is necessary and it helps to quickly understand the basic ideas of global bioethics.
Regular and timely review appraisal and communication of safety information are critical to risk management during the clinical development of drugs. Whereas the overall goal of a clinical development program is to characterize the benefit-risk relationship of the product in a particular patient population, the risk to individual trial subjects is a critical consideration during product development at a time when the effectiveness of a product is generally uncertain. By conducting an overall appraisal of safety data at regular intervals, risks can be recognized thoughtfully assessed and appropriately communicated to all interested stakeholders to support the safety of clinical trial subjects...
This dictionary is aimed primarily at the beginners entering the new discipline of Pharmaceutical Medicine, an area comprising aspects of toxicology, pharmacology, pharmaceutics, epidemiology, statistics, drug regulatory and legal affairs, medicine and marketing. But also more experienced colleagues in departments engaged in clinical development as well as researchers and marketing experts in the pharmaceutical industry will find concise and up-to-date information. The book is completed by a list of a about 1000 abbreviations encountered in pharmaceutical medicine and a compilation of important addresses of national and international health authorities.