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Este libro que ahora presentamos ofrece los resultados de una intensa investigación sobre unas instituciones de dilatada a la vez que poco estudiada trayectoria, las Cámaras de Comercio. Pese a su presencia en la mayoría de los países del mundo, pese a su actividad desplegada en el nuestro desde hace ya más de 100 años, realmente muy pocas veces se ha abordado su labor desde perspectivas que fueran más allá de la mera descripción o la fácil apología. En estos momentos, en los que sus funciones y carácter vuelven a estar -de nuevo sometidos a discusión. Puede ser de interés reflexionar sobre su compleja e interesante historia. A la par que instituciones de carácter oficial, las...
Includes entries for maps and atlases.
This book analyses the influence of Francoist policy on agricultural output in the 1939-55 period. The focus is on the wheat, olive and wine sectors and special attention is given to small-scale farmers. Agrarian policy for wheat and olive oil included pricefixing, production quotas and rationing of consumption. Producers and consumers circumvented intervention by creating a black market. When earnings from the black market are included, value of output per unit of land remained close to pre-war levels. It is then concluded that the decrease in wheat output was caused by lack of draught animals and fertilisers rather than state intervention. Intervention in the wheat sector was therefore des...
Western European Countries Chambers of Commerce Directory
Spain's development from a premodern society into a modern unified nation-state with an integrated economy was painfully slow and varied widely by region. Economic historians have long argued that high internal transportation costs limited domestic market integration, while at the same time the Castilian capital city of Madrid drew resources from surrounding Spanish regions as it pursued its quest for centralization. According to this view, powerful Madrid thwarted trade over large geographic distances by destroying an integrated network of manufacturing towns in the Spanish interior. Challenging this long-held view, Regina Grafe argues that decentralization, not a strong and powerful Madrid...
A new hypothesis on nationalism, the 2nd Spanish Republic and history teaching, as well as a full historiographical review of research on the Spanish Civil War and Franco¿s regime in the Valencian region make this book a must-have for students, researchers and members of the public who want to approach the history of the 20th century, a period close to our present which can help us understand our own culture and the challenges facing modern society in a better way.