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ARIST, published annually since 1966, is a landmark publication within the information science community. It surveys the landscape of information science and technology, providing an analytical, authoritative, and accessible overview of recent trends and significant developments. The range of topics varies considerably, reflecting the dynamism of the discipline and the diversity of theoretical and applied perspectives. While ARIST continues to cover key topics associated with "classical" information science (e.g., bibliometrics, information retrieval), editor Blaise Cronin is selectively expanding its footprint in an effort to connect information science more tightly with cognate academic an...
Human Language Technology (HLT) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) systems have typically focused on the “factual” aspect of content analysis. Other aspects, including pragmatics, opinion, and style, have received much less attention. However, to achieve an adequate understanding of a text, these aspects cannot be ignored. The chapters in this book address the aspect of subjective opinion, which includes identifying different points of view, identifying different emotive dimensions, and classifying text by opinion. Various conceptual models and computational methods are presented. The models explored in this book include the following: distinguishing attitudes from simple factual asse...
The revised versions of lectures given at the Summer Convention on Information Extraction, SCIE 2002, held in Frascati, Italy in July 2002. The following lectures by leading authorities in the field of information extraction are included: - acquisition of domain knowledge - terminology mining - finite-state approaches to Web IE - measuring term representatives - agent-based ontological mediation in IE systems - information retrieval and IE in question answering systems - natural language communication with virtual actors
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Text, Speech and Dialogue, TSD 2013, held in Brno, Czech Republic, in September 2014. The 70 papers presented together with 3 invited papers were carefully reviewed and selected from 143 submissions. They focus on topics such as corpora and language resources; speech recognition; tagging, classification and parsing of text and speech; speech and spoken language generation; semantic processing of text and speech; integrating applications of text and speech processing; automatic dialogue systems; as well as multimodal techniques and modelling.
This book contains the refereed proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Logic Programming, ICLP 2007, held in Porto, Portugal. The 22 revised full papers together with two invited talks, 15 poster presentations, and the abstracts of five doctoral consortium articles cover all issues of current research in logic programming, including theory, functional and constraint logic programming, program analysis, answer-set programming, semantics, and applications.
This new Springer volume provides a comprehensive and detailed look at current approaches to automated question answering. The level of presentation is suitable for newcomers to the field as well as for professionals wishing to study this area and/or to build practical QA systems. The book can serve as a "how-to" handbook for IT practitioners and system developers. It can also be used to teach graduate courses in Computer Science, Information Science and related disciplines.
Lux Pascal is a modern programming language designed for high-performance parallel computing, especially in the field of scientific computing and data processing. It is an extension of Pascal language and provides a rich set of features, such as support for arrays, matrices, complex numbers, and built-in functions for mathematical operations. Lux Pascal aims to enable developers to write efficient, scalable, and maintainable code, while also providing a simple and intuitive syntax. One of the key strengths of Lux Pascal is its use of data parallelism, which allows multiple data items to be processed simultaneously. This is achieved through the use of parallel loops, which can distribute data across multiple cores or processors. Additionally, Lux Pascal provides a set of built-in functions for task parallelism, which allows developers to create multiple threads and execute them concurrently. With these features, Lux Pascal is well-suited for numerical computations, data analytics, and simulations, as well as other performance-critical applications.
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Recent advances in the field of developmental neuroscience have been quite exciting, especially as they pertain to infants and children, in whom neurologic development proceeds more rapidly than at any other time of life So much has now been learned of normal neurologic development, which in tun informs the more pressing work of understanding how these normal functions become disordered by genetic, physical. or neurochemical mishaps. The information thus gained can, it is hoped, provide clinicians with the means to improve both their diagnostic and therapeutic tools and, more importantly, to use this understanding in the service of preventing or mitigating the effects of these childhood neurologic disorders. The physiologic and pathologic signs of neurologic diseases are better understood in the light of the current gains made in the fields of paediatric neurophysiology, neurochemistry, neuroimaging and genetics. This progress in knowledge can assuredly help the clinician to recognise the nature of the disorder and to plan the most appropriate and effective measures to improve the quality of the affected child's life.
Blaise Pascal (1623-1662), mathematician, physicist, inventor, and religious thinker was a man at odds with his time. The optimism of the Enlightenment and the belief among philosophers and scientists that the universe was both discoverable and rational made them feel invincible. Reason alone, declared the intellectuals, could discover a God of natural religion that was to replace the God of traditional Christianity. Pascal, on the other hand, was not so confident. In his Pens es, he wrote, "The eternal silence of these infinite spaces fills me with dread." For Pascal, the universe was full of a mystery that went far beyond the powers of reason. Blaise Pascal: Reasons of the Heart, the lates...