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Synod of Szabolcs: 1092 AD
The Synod of Szabolcs, convened in 1092 under King Saint Ladislaus and Archbishop Seraphin, covered a large range of topics within the young Hungarian church, such as the separation of bigamous priests, penalties for adultery, restoration of churches, and proper conduct of clergy and laity. Decrees were issued regarding various matters like marriage, church property, observance of holy days, and punishments for offenses. The synod aimed to regulate ecclesiastical affairs in the Hungarian kingdom and ensure adherence to canonical laws and the moral standards of clergymen.
Sermon at the Council of Benevento
In August 1087, a synod was held at Benevento which renewed the excommunication of the Antipope Clement III, the condemnation of lay investiture, proclaimed a crusade against the Saracens in northern Africa, and anathematised Hugh of Lyons and Richard, Abbot of Marseilles. This speech is one of the last public statements he made during his pontificate. Victor appears to frequently reference the Normans, who had recently established themselves in the region politically.
The Book of the Chaste
While this work is attributed to Ish'dnah, the archbishop of Basrah, it is likely to be an abridgement of a much older work. Our original author lived at the end of the 8th century, just subsequent to the Arab conquests. This work sough to bring together the lives of the holy founders of the monasteries that populated the Church of the East. They appear to be largely recent hagiographies of various Syriac figures spanning for the 5th to the 8th century AD, and are all brief in scope, granting limited biographic information. Originally composed in Classical Syriac, the author of this work appears to be exclusively interested in the dealings of the eastern Syriac church under the Sassanians.
Ecclesiastical Constitutions
This is a collection of four short documents which have long been attributed to the first Christian king of Hungary, Stephen I. The first of such works clearly is not from Stephen's pen, but the two subsequent charters and codex of Hungarian laws appears to certainly be from the medieval period. Their original composition in Latin grants us some insight into the clerical relationships that existed in the early Hungarian court, as the language of these edicts was made in the lingua franca of the church, and not in the common language of the Hungarian people.
Discourse Against those who reject the Holy Icons
St. John of Damascus lived in a world that was doubly hostile to religious images, both from the Iconoclasts of the Eastern Empire and from the Islamic Caliphate, which had been staunchly opposed to religious imagery since the 690's. The question of the icons in churches remained a point of public debate that was left as an open question. However, within eastern Christendom the argue for their use was prevailing. Moreover, the use of icons was being tied instrumentally to the personhood of Christ and physical manifestation of the Godhead. Thus, according to St. John Damascus, those who refuse to venerate an Icon also refuse to worship God's Son, Who is the living image and unchanging reflection of the Father in Trinitarian theology.
Eleven Letters & Other Writings
John Argyropoulos was one of the leading Greek scholars that drove the undercurrent of Renaissance in 15th century Italy. He translated Greek philosophical and theological works into Latin, as well as produced rhetorical and theological works of his own. He was in Italy as attendee at the Council of Florence during 1439–1444, and returned to Italy subsequent to the Fall of Constantinople, teaching in Florence in 1456–1470 and in Rome in 1471–1487. Attached here are his various correspondence, most of which is with the Dukes of Florence and Milan.
Vox in Excelso
'Vox in Excelso' is the name of a bull issued by Pope Clement V on March 22, 1312. The directives given within the papal bull were to formally dissolve the Order of the Knights Templar, effectively removing papal support for them and revoking their papal charter and mandates given to them by previous popes. All properties that they have are forfeited to various agencies as dispensed by the church.
Against Palladius the Arian
This work is composed by the African church father, Vigilius, against Palladius of Ratiaria, the 4th century Arian Christian theologian.In 381 AD, he was deposed from his office, together with Secundianus of Singidunum, at the Council of Aquileia, because of his Christological views. He had appealed to Theodosius, the emperor of the east, for intervention and to support the Arianist cause. This proved to be fruitless politically. Palladius' own writings are lost, but this polemic against his claims has survived to the present day.
Life of St. Bruno
Bruno of Cologne, also known as Bruno von Köln was the founder of the Carthusian Order in the 11th century. He personally founded the order's first two communities. He was a celebrated teacher at Reims, and a close advisor of his former pupil, Pope Urban II. In 1056 he was recalled to the city of Reims, where the following year he found himself head of the Cathedral school, which at the time included the direction of the schools and the oversight of all the educational establishments of the diocese. For eighteen years, from 1057 to 1075, he maintained the prestige which the Cathedral school of Reims. This biographical work is a short treatise written by one of his students, Roger of Cologne.
Two Works
This text contains a sermon and a series of letters by Michael, Archbishop of Athens. His first work, a sermon for Palm Sunday, delves into biblical narratives and theological reflections, emphasizing the journey and miracles of Christ, particularly focusing on the resurrection of Lazarus and the power of Christ's voice. Additionally, the text includes letters to Archbishop Eustathius of Thessalonica, expressing admiration, concern, and longing for his presence, showcasing a blend of theological discourse and personal correspondence.
