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Sexuality and Medicine in the Middle Ages
Were the Middle Ages a period of unbridled licentiousness or, on the contrary, of severe repression? Between the two extremes this book provides an answer by drawing from medical and literary texts of the Middle Ages. It shows how many of the medical and moral questions that preoccupy us in the twentieth century worried our medieval ancestors as well. Through a detailed analysis of both expert and lay writings, Danielle Jacquart and Claude Thomasset examine the conceptions of sexuality that were created by doctors, by theologians, and by romantic and erotic literature. In the first section of this book, the authors discuss how ideas of physiology, venereal disease, and purity were described, and the influence of anatomical tracts on popular perceptions of the body. The second part charts a history of erotic art, and through this, the differing conceptions of Eastern and Western sexuality. Finally, the authors present a history of the body, analyzing problems of impotence and hysteria and how female sexuality in itself came to be perceived as corrupt and diseased.
Constantine the African and ‘Alī Ibn al-‘Abbās al-Mağūsī
When the tenth-century Kāmil as-sinā‘a (or al-Kitāb al-malakī) of ‘Alī ibn al-‘Abbās al-Mağūsī was adapted for a Latin-reading audience by Constantine the African in the late eleventh century, the medieval West had, for the first time, the opportunity to use a text which covered the whole of medicine. But the 100-odd extant manuscripts suggest that Contantine's Pantegni was put together over a considerable period of time, and chapters from other Latin and newly-translated Arabic medical works were added to or substituted those of the Kāmil. This book is the first to be devoted to Constantine the African: it sheds light on the School of Salerno and the formation of a medical corpus in the High Middle Ages.
Classification from Antiquity to Modern Times
The volume presents phenomena of classification and categorisation in ancient and modern cultures and provides an overview of how cultural practices and cognitive systems interact when individuals or larger groups conceptually organize their world. Scientists of antiquity studies, anthropologists, linguists etc. will find methods to reconstruct early concepts of men and nature from a synchronic and diachronic comparative perspective.
Late Medieval and Early Modern Corpuscular Matter Theories
This book on medieval and early modern corpuscular matter theories presents the research results of nineteen scholars, who show that his modern model of matter has some of its roots in physical, medical, mathematical, alchemical, and theological conceptions developed in the Middle Ages.
The Meanings of Sex Difference in the Middle Ages
This book examines how scientific ideas about sex differences in the later Middle Ages participated in cultural assumptions about gender.
Santé et société à Montpellier à la fin du Moyen Âge
This book examines the social, institutional and cultural setting of medical practices in the medieval town of Montpellier which boasted one of the first universities of the middle ages and a famous school of medicine. Some of its most celebrated masters and their medical works have been thoroughly studied but few of them try to put these in context with a thriving urban community of merchants and craftsmen that were at the core of the city council. Their concurrent efforts will endow Montpellier of a rich health care system featuring not only the university masters but also the city’s barber-surgeons and apothecaries. Their collective fate is revealed here in an integrated picture of health and society in the middle ages.
Europe and the Islamic World
A sweeping history of Islam and the West from the seventh century to today Europe and the Islamic World sheds much-needed light on the shared roots of Islamic and Western cultures and on the richness of their inextricably intertwined histories, refuting once and for all the misguided notion of a "clash of civilizations" between the Muslim world and Europe. In this landmark book, three eminent historians bring to life the complex and tumultuous relations between Genoans and Tunisians, Alexandrians and the people of Constantinople, Catalans and Maghrebis—the myriad groups and individuals whose stories reflect the common cultural, intellectual, and religious heritage of Europe and Islam. Sinc...
The Sage of Seville
Ibn Zuhr (or Avenzoar) of twelfth-century Seville was the most important physician of Muslim Spain. His family boasted six generations of physicians, and also included midwives, jurists, poets, and viziers. His Kitab al-taysir, a compendium of therapeutics, was translated into Latin and Hebrew; its Latin version, Liber Teisir, served as a companion book to the Colliget, the Latin translation of Kitab al-kulliyat, a largely theoretical book of the philosopher-physician Ibn Rushd (Averroes). The rabbi-physician Maimonides quoted extensively from Ibn Zuhr and considered him "unique in his age and one of the great sages." But Ibn Zuhr was not just a keen observer of patients and a dispenser of r...
Crossing Boundaries at Medieval Universities
This collaborative volume explores how the creation and the crossing of faculty, disciplinary and social boundaries contributed to the development of the medieval European university.
